Bhagavad Gītā Chapter 5, Verse 11: Krishna to ArjunaKarma-Sannyāsa-Yoga

Bhagavad Gītā 5.11Chapter 5 · Karma-Sannyāsa-Yoga · KrishnaArjuna · anuṣṭubh
कायेन मनसा बुद्ध्या केवलैरिन्द्रियैरपि
योगिनः कर्म कुर्वन्ति सङ्गं त्यक्त्वात्मशुद्धये
kāyenakāya(5 verses)instrumental masculine singular nounbodyattested in commentariesadvaitaदेहेन मनसा बुद्ध्याbhaktiस्नानादि बुद्ध्या तत्त्वनिश्चयादि केवलैः कर्माभिनिवेशरहितैरिन्द्रियैश्च श्रवणकीर्तनादिलक्षणं कर्म फलसङ्गं त्यक्त्वा चितadvaita-bhaktiमनसा बुद्ध्येन्द्रियैरपि योगिनः कर्मिणः फलसङ्गं त्यक्त्त्वा कर्म कुर्वन्ति manasāmanas(41 verses)instrumental neuter singular nounmind (lower mind), the inner organ of perceptionattested in commentariesadvaitaबुद्ध्याśuddhādvaitaध्यानादिना बुद्ध्या तत्त्वनिश्चयादिना अभिनिवेशरहितैरिन्द्रियैः शुद्धं श्रवणदर्शनकीर्त्तनादिलक्षणं कर्म नारदादयः सङ्गं तadvaita-bhaktiबुद्ध्येन्द्रियैरपि योगिनः कर्मिणः फलसङ्गं त्यक्त्त्वा कर्म कुर्वन्ति buddhyābuddhi(48 verses)instrumental feminine singular nounintellect, intelligence, discriminating facultyattested in commentariesadvaitaच केवलैः ममत्ववर्जितैः ईश्वरायैव कर्म करोमि न मम फलाय इति ममत्वबुद्धिशून्यैः इन्द्रियैरपि केवलशब्दः कायादिभिरपि प्रत्येśuddhādvaitaतत्त्वनिश्चयादिना अभिनिवेशरहितैरिन्द्रियैः शुद्धं श्रवणदर्शनकीर्त्तनादिलक्षणं कर्म नारदादयः सङ्गं त्यक्त्वा आत्मनः शुद्bhaktiतत्त्वनिश्चयादि केवलैः कर्माभिनिवेशरहितैरिन्द्रियैश्च श्रवणकीर्तनादिलक्षणं कर्म फलसङ्गं त्यक्त्वा चित्तशुद्धये योगिनः क kevalaikevala(2 verses)instrumental neuter plural nounalone, only, sole, exclusiver indriyaiindriya(39 verses)instrumental neuter plural nounsense, sense-organ; the eleven indriyas (5 jñānendriyas + 5 karmendriyas + manas)r apiapi(103 verses)also, even, although
yoginaḥyogin(28 verses)nominative masculine plural nounyogi (yoga + -in 'possessor of')attested in commentariesadvaitaकर्मिणः कर्म कुर्वन्ति सङ्गं त्यक्त्वा फलविषयम् आत्मशुद्धये सत्त्वशुद्धये इत्यर्थःviśiṣṭādvaitaआत्मविशुद्धये कुर्वन्ति आत्मगतप्राचीनकर्मबन्धनविनाशाय कुर्वन्ति इत्यर्थःbhaktiकर्म कुर्वन्तिadvaita-bhaktiकर्मिणः फलसङ्गं त्यक्त्त्वा कर्म कुर्वन्ति karmakarman(144 verses)accusative neuter singular nounaction, deed, the law of actionattested in commentariesadvaitaकरोमि न मम फलाय इति ममत्वबुद्धिशून्यैः इन्द्रियैरपि केवलशब्दः कायादिभिरपि प्रत्येकं संबध्यते सर्वव्यापारेषु ममतावर्जनायviśiṣṭādvaitaस्वर्गादिफल सङ्गं त्यक्त्वा योगिनः आत्मविशुद्धये कुर्वन्ति आत्मगतप्राचीनकर्मबन्धनविनाशाय कुर्वन्ति इत्यर्थःśuddhādvaitaनारदादयः सङ्गं त्यक्त्वा आत्मनः शुद्धये समत्वाय कुर्वन्तिbhaktiफलसङ्गं त्यक्त्वा चित्तशुद्धये योगिनः कर्म कुर्वन्तिadvaita-bhaktiकुर्वन्ति kurvanti√kṛ(35 verses)present indicative 3rd person plural verbto do, make (verbal root)attested in commentariesadvaitaसङ्गं त्यक्त्वा फलविषयम् आत्मशुद्धये सत्त्वशुद्धये इत्यर्थःviśiṣṭādvaitaआत्मगतप्राचीनकर्मबन्धनविनाशाय कुर्वन्ति इत्यर्थःśuddhādvaita। अतो ये केवलं साङ्ख्यास्ते कर्मसन्न्यासं सिद्धान्ततयाऽभ्युपगच्छन्ति। ये च योगिनस्ते कर्मकरणमेवेति फलितम्।advaita-bhakti। कायादीनां सर्वेषां विशेषणं केवलैरिति। ईश्वरायैव करोमि न मम फलायेति ममताशून्यैरित्यर्थः। आत्मशुद्धये चित्तसत्त्वशुद्ध्य saṅgaṃsaṅga(20 verses)accusative masculine singular nounattachment, contact (= saṅga in earlier dict — alternate spelling) tyaktvātyaj(17 verses)convto abandon, give up, renounce (verbal root)attested in commentariesadvaitaफलविषयम् आत्मशुद्धये सत्त्वशुद्धये इत्यर्थःviśiṣṭādvaitaयोगिनः आत्मविशुद्धये कुर्वन्ति आत्मगतप्राचीनकर्मबन्धनविनाशाय कुर्वन्ति इत्यर्थःśuddhādvaitaआत्मनः शुद्धये समत्वाय कुर्वन्तिbhaktiचित्तशुद्धये योगिनः कर्म कुर्वन्तिtma-śuddhayeśuddhidative feminine singular nounpurity, purification (from √śudh)attested in commentariesśuddhādvaitaसमत्वाय कुर्वन्ति
spokensingle-voice recital; rendered via IndicF5 conditioned on a Sanskrit reference clip
meaning

Yogins act through body, mind, intellect, and senses as bare instruments, without claiming ownership of the results, and so purify themselves.

Bhāṣyakāra purports

  • Śaṅkaraadvaita

    Yogins act through body, mind, intellect, and the sense faculties — each stripped of the possessive sense (mamata, self-ownership) — as instruments for Īśvara alone, not for personal fruit. Śaṅkara's gloss insists the qualifier 'merely' (kevala) attaches to every instrument individually: every act is performed as 'I act for the Lord, not for my benefit.' This renunciation of fruit-ownership purifies the inner organ (sattva-śuddhi), clearing the way for the dawn of self-knowledge.

  • Rāmānujaviśiṣṭādvaita

    The yogin employs body, mind, intellect, and the senses together in action oriented to Bhagavān, relinquishing all attachment to results such as heavenly worlds (svarga). Rāmānuja reads 'ātma-viśuddhi' as the destruction of the accumulated bondage of prior karma (prācīna-karma-bandhana-vināśa) that encrusts the jīvātman. Karma so performed is not mere ethics but the steady removal of the veil obscuring the soul's natural luminosity as a mode of Brahman.

  • Madhvadvaita

    Madhva's bhāṣya on this verse is sparse ('kāyena iti' — thus is the conduct described), offering only a pointer to the verse rather than extended gloss. On Dvaita principles the verse establishes that the eternally dependent jīva employs its God-given instruments — body, mind, intellect, senses — as servants of Hari, surrendering all proprietary claim to fruit. Action purifies by aligning the finite will with the sovereign will of the Lord.

  • Vallabhaśuddhādvaita

    Vallabha cites this verse as scriptural warrant for the conduct of the devotionally established (sadācāra): devotees like Nārada perform through body postures (āsana, etc.), mental contemplation (dhyāna), discerning intellect, and senses free of self-investment — activities of listening (śravaṇa), seeing (darśana), and singing praise (kīrtana) — relinquishing attachment for the sake of the soul's equanimity (samatva). He draws the contrast explicitly: the Sāṅkhya school holds that action should be abandoned; the yogin school holds that action must be performed — and this verse settles the question in favor of engaged, attachment-free service.

  • Śrīdharabhakti

    Śrīdhara frames the verse as showing, through virtuous conduct (sadācāra), that karma is not merely non-binding but is itself the cause of liberation (mokṣa-hetu). The yogin's instruments — body for ablution and ritual (snānādi), intellect for resolving truth (tattva-niścaya), senses entirely free from compulsive attachment to action — are used in the works of hearing and glorifying the Lord (śravaṇa-kīrtana). The whole is aimed at purification of the mind-field (citta-śuddhi), which opens the door to final release.

  • Madhusūdanaadvaita-bhakti

    Madhusūdana unpacks the verse as an elaboration of what was just said: yogins act through body, mind, intellect, and senses — the adjective 'merely' (kevala) qualifying all of them simultaneously — having abandoned attachment to results. He aligns precisely with Śaṅkara's gloss: the instruments are 'devoid of the sense of mine' (mamata-śūnya) because the inward orientation is 'I act for the Lord alone, not for my fruit.' The purpose is purification of the mind's sattva (citta-sattva-śuddhi), from which Kṛṣṇa-bhakti flowers naturally.

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