{
  "verse_id": "5.11",
  "mūla": {
    "devanāgarī": "कायेन मनसा बुद्ध्या केवलैर् इन्द्रियैर् अपि | योगिनः कर्म कुर्वन्ति सङ्गं त्यक्त्वात्म-शुद्धये",
    "iast": "kāyena manasā buddhyā kevalair indriyair api | yoginaḥ karma kurvanti saṅgaṃ tyaktvātma-śuddhaye",
    "chapter_position": "Chapter 5 (Karma-Sannyāsa-Yoga (The Yoga of Renunciation)), verse 11",
    "speaker": "Krishna",
    "addressed_to": "Arjuna"
  },
  "word_by_word": [
    {
      "surface_form": "kāyena",
      "lemma": "kāya",
      "grammar": "instrumental masculine singular noun",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [
        {
          "sense": "देहेन मनसा बुद्ध्या",
          "school": "advaita",
          "weight": 0.8,
          "witnesses": [
            "shankara"
          ]
        },
        {
          "sense": "स्नानादि बुद्ध्या तत्त्वनिश्चयादि केवलैः कर्माभिनिवेशरहितैरिन्द्रियैश्च श्रवणकीर्तनादिलक्षणं कर्म फलसङ्गं त्यक्त्वा चित",
          "school": "bhakti",
          "weight": 0.8,
          "witnesses": [
            "sridhara"
          ]
        },
        {
          "sense": "मनसा बुद्ध्येन्द्रियैरपि योगिनः कर्मिणः फलसङ्गं त्यक्त्त्वा कर्म कुर्वन्ति",
          "school": "advaita-bhakti",
          "weight": 0.8,
          "witnesses": [
            "madhusudan"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "कायेन"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "manasā",
      "lemma": "manas",
      "grammar": "instrumental neuter singular noun",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [
        {
          "sense": "बुद्ध्या",
          "school": "advaita",
          "weight": 0.8,
          "witnesses": [
            "shankara"
          ]
        },
        {
          "sense": "ध्यानादिना बुद्ध्या तत्त्वनिश्चयादिना अभिनिवेशरहितैरिन्द्रियैः शुद्धं श्रवणदर्शनकीर्त्तनादिलक्षणं कर्म नारदादयः सङ्गं त",
          "school": "śuddhādvaita",
          "weight": 0.8,
          "witnesses": [
            "vallabha"
          ]
        },
        {
          "sense": "बुद्ध्येन्द्रियैरपि योगिनः कर्मिणः फलसङ्गं त्यक्त्त्वा कर्म कुर्वन्ति",
          "school": "advaita-bhakti",
          "weight": 0.8,
          "witnesses": [
            "madhusudan"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "मनसा"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "buddhyā",
      "lemma": "buddhi",
      "grammar": "instrumental feminine singular noun",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [
        {
          "sense": "च केवलैः ममत्ववर्जितैः ईश्वरायैव कर्म करोमि न मम फलाय इति ममत्वबुद्धिशून्यैः इन्द्रियैरपि केवलशब्दः कायादिभिरपि प्रत्ये",
          "school": "advaita",
          "weight": 0.8,
          "witnesses": [
            "shankara"
          ]
        },
        {
          "sense": "तत्त्वनिश्चयादिना अभिनिवेशरहितैरिन्द्रियैः शुद्धं श्रवणदर्शनकीर्त्तनादिलक्षणं कर्म नारदादयः सङ्गं त्यक्त्वा आत्मनः शुद्",
          "school": "śuddhādvaita",
          "weight": 0.8,
          "witnesses": [
            "vallabha"
          ]
        },
        {
          "sense": "तत्त्वनिश्चयादि केवलैः कर्माभिनिवेशरहितैरिन्द्रियैश्च श्रवणकीर्तनादिलक्षणं कर्म फलसङ्गं त्यक्त्वा चित्तशुद्धये योगिनः क",
          "school": "bhakti",
          "weight": 0.8,
          "witnesses": [
            "sridhara"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "बुद्ध्या"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "kevalaiḥ",
      "lemma": "kevala",
      "grammar": "instrumental neuter plural noun",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "केवलैः"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "indriyaiḥ",
      "lemma": "indriya",
      "grammar": "instrumental neuter plural noun",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "इन्द्रियैः"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "api",
      "lemma": "api",
      "grammar": "",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "अपि"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "yoginaḥ",
      "lemma": "yogin",
      "grammar": "nominative masculine plural noun",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [
        {
          "sense": "कर्मिणः कर्म कुर्वन्ति सङ्गं त्यक्त्वा फलविषयम् आत्मशुद्धये सत्त्वशुद्धये इत्यर्थः",
          "school": "advaita",
          "weight": 0.8,
          "witnesses": [
            "shankara"
          ]
        },
        {
          "sense": "आत्मविशुद्धये कुर्वन्ति आत्मगतप्राचीनकर्मबन्धनविनाशाय कुर्वन्ति इत्यर्थः",
          "school": "viśiṣṭādvaita",
          "weight": 0.8,
          "witnesses": [
            "ramanuja"
          ]
        },
        {
          "sense": "कर्म कुर्वन्ति",
          "school": "bhakti",
          "weight": 0.8,
          "witnesses": [
            "sridhara"
          ]
        },
        {
          "sense": "कर्मिणः फलसङ्गं त्यक्त्त्वा कर्म कुर्वन्ति",
          "school": "advaita-bhakti",
          "weight": 0.8,
          "witnesses": [
            "madhusudan"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "योगिनः"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "karma",
      "lemma": "karman",
      "grammar": "accusative neuter singular noun",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [
        {
          "sense": "करोमि न मम फलाय इति ममत्वबुद्धिशून्यैः इन्द्रियैरपि केवलशब्दः कायादिभिरपि प्रत्येकं संबध्यते सर्वव्यापारेषु ममतावर्जनाय",
          "school": "advaita",
          "weight": 0.8,
          "witnesses": [
            "shankara"
          ]
        },
        {
          "sense": "स्वर्गादिफल सङ्गं त्यक्त्वा योगिनः आत्मविशुद्धये कुर्वन्ति आत्मगतप्राचीनकर्मबन्धनविनाशाय कुर्वन्ति इत्यर्थः",
          "school": "viśiṣṭādvaita",
          "weight": 0.8,
          "witnesses": [
            "ramanuja"
          ]
        },
        {
          "sense": "नारदादयः सङ्गं त्यक्त्वा आत्मनः शुद्धये समत्वाय कुर्वन्ति",
          "school": "śuddhādvaita",
          "weight": 0.8,
          "witnesses": [
            "vallabha"
          ]
        },
        {
          "sense": "फलसङ्गं त्यक्त्वा चित्तशुद्धये योगिनः कर्म कुर्वन्ति",
          "school": "bhakti",
          "weight": 0.8,
          "witnesses": [
            "sridhara"
          ]
        },
        {
          "sense": "कुर्वन्ति",
          "school": "advaita-bhakti",
          "weight": 0.8,
          "witnesses": [
            "madhusudan"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "कर्म"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "kurvanti",
      "lemma": "√kṛ",
      "grammar": "present indicative 3rd person plural verb",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [
        {
          "sense": "सङ्गं त्यक्त्वा फलविषयम् आत्मशुद्धये सत्त्वशुद्धये इत्यर्थः",
          "school": "advaita",
          "weight": 0.8,
          "witnesses": [
            "shankara"
          ]
        },
        {
          "sense": "आत्मगतप्राचीनकर्मबन्धनविनाशाय कुर्वन्ति इत्यर्थः",
          "school": "viśiṣṭādvaita",
          "weight": 0.8,
          "witnesses": [
            "ramanuja"
          ]
        },
        {
          "sense": "। अतो ये केवलं साङ्ख्यास्ते कर्मसन्न्यासं सिद्धान्ततयाऽभ्युपगच्छन्ति। ये च योगिनस्ते कर्मकरणमेवेति फलितम्।",
          "school": "śuddhādvaita",
          "weight": 0.8,
          "witnesses": [
            "vallabha"
          ]
        },
        {
          "sense": "। कायादीनां सर्वेषां विशेषणं केवलैरिति। ईश्वरायैव करोमि न मम फलायेति ममताशून्यैरित्यर्थः। आत्मशुद्धये चित्तसत्त्वशुद्ध्य",
          "school": "advaita-bhakti",
          "weight": 0.8,
          "witnesses": [
            "madhusudan"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "कुर्वन्ति"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "saṅgam",
      "lemma": "saṅga",
      "grammar": "accusative masculine singular noun",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "सङ्गम्"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "tyaktvā",
      "lemma": "tyaj",
      "grammar": "conv",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [
        {
          "sense": "फलविषयम् आत्मशुद्धये सत्त्वशुद्धये इत्यर्थः",
          "school": "advaita",
          "weight": 0.8,
          "witnesses": [
            "shankara"
          ]
        },
        {
          "sense": "योगिनः आत्मविशुद्धये कुर्वन्ति आत्मगतप्राचीनकर्मबन्धनविनाशाय कुर्वन्ति इत्यर्थः",
          "school": "viśiṣṭādvaita",
          "weight": 0.8,
          "witnesses": [
            "ramanuja"
          ]
        },
        {
          "sense": "आत्मनः शुद्धये समत्वाय कुर्वन्ति",
          "school": "śuddhādvaita",
          "weight": 0.8,
          "witnesses": [
            "vallabha"
          ]
        },
        {
          "sense": "चित्तशुद्धये योगिनः कर्म कुर्वन्ति",
          "school": "bhakti",
          "weight": 0.8,
          "witnesses": [
            "sridhara"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "त्यक्त्वा"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "ātma",
      "lemma": "ātman",
      "grammar": "compound (compound member)",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "आत्म"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "śuddhaye",
      "lemma": "śuddhi",
      "grammar": "dative feminine singular noun",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [
        {
          "sense": "समत्वाय कुर्वन्ति",
          "school": "śuddhādvaita",
          "weight": 0.8,
          "witnesses": [
            "vallabha"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "शुद्धये"
    }
  ],
  "intertextual_panel": [
    {
      "verse": "5.7",
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      "verse": "2.50",
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      "verse": "4.18",
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      "verse": "2.51",
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  ],
  "doctrinal_projections": {
    "advaita": {
      "reading_summary": "(reading summary extraction pending; ENABLE_READING_SUMMARIES=true to generate)",
      "key_cross_references": [],
      "witness_passages": [
        "shankara_5.11",
        "anandgiri_5.11"
      ],
      "score": 0.5,
      "english_rendering": "Yogins act through body, mind, intellect, and the sense faculties — each stripped of the possessive sense (mamata, self-ownership) — as instruments for Īśvara alone, not for personal fruit. Śaṅkara's gloss insists the qualifier 'merely' (kevala) attaches to every instrument individually: every act is performed as 'I act for the Lord, not for my benefit.' This renunciation of fruit-ownership purifies the inner organ (sattva-śuddhi), clearing the way for the dawn of self-knowledge.",
      "commentator": "Śaṅkarācārya"
    },
    "viśiṣṭādvaita": {
      "reading_summary": "(reading summary extraction pending; ENABLE_READING_SUMMARIES=true to generate)",
      "key_cross_references": [],
      "witness_passages": [
        "ramanuja_5.11",
        "vedantadeshika_5.11"
      ],
      "score": 0.5,
      "english_rendering": "The yogin employs body, mind, intellect, and the senses together in action oriented to Bhagavān, relinquishing all attachment to results such as heavenly worlds (svarga). Rāmānuja reads 'ātma-viśuddhi' as the destruction of the accumulated bondage of prior karma (prācīna-karma-bandhana-vināśa) that encrusts the jīvātman. Karma so performed is not mere ethics but the steady removal of the veil obscuring the soul's natural luminosity as a mode of Brahman.",
      "commentator": "Rāmānujācārya"
    },
    "dvaita": {
      "reading_summary": "(reading summary extraction pending; ENABLE_READING_SUMMARIES=true to generate)",
      "key_cross_references": [],
      "witness_passages": [
        "madhva_5.11",
        "jayatirtha_5.11"
      ],
      "score": 0.5,
      "english_rendering": "Madhva's bhāṣya on this verse is sparse ('kāyena iti' — thus is the conduct described), offering only a pointer to the verse rather than extended gloss. On Dvaita principles the verse establishes that the eternally dependent jīva employs its God-given instruments — body, mind, intellect, senses — as servants of Hari, surrendering all proprietary claim to fruit. Action purifies by aligning the finite will with the sovereign will of the Lord.",
      "commentator": "Madhvācārya"
    },
    "śuddhādvaita": {
      "reading_summary": "(reading summary extraction pending; ENABLE_READING_SUMMARIES=true to generate)",
      "key_cross_references": [],
      "witness_passages": [
        "vallabha_5.11"
      ],
      "score": 0.5,
      "english_rendering": "Vallabha cites this verse as scriptural warrant for the conduct of the devotionally established (sadācāra): devotees like Nārada perform through body postures (āsana, etc.), mental contemplation (dhyāna), discerning intellect, and senses free of self-investment — activities of listening (śravaṇa), seeing (darśana), and singing praise (kīrtana) — relinquishing attachment for the sake of the soul's equanimity (samatva). He draws the contrast explicitly: the Sāṅkhya school holds that action should be abandoned; the yogin school holds that action must be performed — and this verse settles the question in favor of engaged, attachment-free service.",
      "commentator": "Vallabhācārya"
    },
    "bhakti": {
      "reading_summary": "(reading summary extraction pending; ENABLE_READING_SUMMARIES=true to generate)",
      "key_cross_references": [],
      "witness_passages": [
        "sridhara_5.11"
      ],
      "score": 0.5,
      "english_rendering": "Śrīdhara frames the verse as showing, through virtuous conduct (sadācāra), that karma is not merely non-binding but is itself the cause of liberation (mokṣa-hetu). The yogin's instruments — body for ablution and ritual (snānādi), intellect for resolving truth (tattva-niścaya), senses entirely free from compulsive attachment to action — are used in the works of hearing and glorifying the Lord (śravaṇa-kīrtana). The whole is aimed at purification of the mind-field (citta-śuddhi), which opens the door to final release.",
      "commentator": "Śrīdhara Svāmī"
    },
    "advaita-bhakti": {
      "reading_summary": "(reading summary extraction pending; ENABLE_READING_SUMMARIES=true to generate)",
      "key_cross_references": [],
      "witness_passages": [
        "madhusudan_5.11"
      ],
      "score": 0.5,
      "english_rendering": "Madhusūdana unpacks the verse as an elaboration of what was just said: yogins act through body, mind, intellect, and senses — the adjective 'merely' (kevala) qualifying all of them simultaneously — having abandoned attachment to results. He aligns precisely with Śaṅkara's gloss: the instruments are 'devoid of the sense of mine' (mamata-śūnya) because the inward orientation is 'I act for the Lord alone, not for my fruit.' The purpose is purification of the mind's sattva (citta-sattva-śuddhi), from which Kṛṣṇa-bhakti flowers naturally.",
      "commentator": "Madhusūdana Sarasvatī"
    }
  },
  "prosodic_information": {
    "meter": "anuṣṭubh",
    "meter_shift_from_previous": false,
    "meter_shift_to_next": false,
    "pragmatic_context": {
      "vocative": "",
      "preceding_question": "",
      "following_response": ""
    }
  },
  "theme_list_memberships": [
    {
      "list": "कर्म कुर्वन्ति",
      "role": "supporting",
      "other_verses_in_list": [
        "1.1"
      ]
    },
    {
      "list": "केवलैः",
      "role": "supporting",
      "other_verses_in_list": [
        "2.47"
      ]
    },
    {
      "list": "योगिनः",
      "role": "supporting",
      "other_verses_in_list": [
        "1.1",
        "4.25",
        "8.14",
        "8.23"
      ]
    },
    {
      "list": "सङ्गं त्यक्त्वा",
      "role": "supporting",
      "other_verses_in_list": [
        "1.1",
        "2.48",
        "5.10",
        "18.6",
        "18.9"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "audit_trail": {
    "substrate_version": "v2.6-frozen",
    "fitted_weights": {
      "a": 1.0,
      "b": 0.01,
      "e_v": 0.005,
      "z": 0.2,
      "h": 0.0,
      "th": 0.01
    },
    "corpus_provenance": {
      "mūla": "Belvalkar critical edition (BORI 1947), via Ambuda multi-witness",
      "panel_witnesses": [
        "bg-mula",
        "bg-shankara",
        "bg-ramanuja",
        "bg-madhva",
        "bg-vedantadeshika",
        "bg-vallabha",
        "bg-jayatirtha",
        "bg-anandgiri",
        "bg-sridhara",
        "bg-madhusudan"
      ]
    },
    "extraction_date": "2026-04-21",
    "score_methodology_documented_at": "Paper 1, Section II.B",
    "word_by_word_parser": "ByT5-Sanskrit-multitask (Nehrdich/Hellwig/Keutzer EMNLP 2024)",
    "post_generation_repairs": [
      {
        "date": "2026-05-03",
        "fix": "verb-lemma-misidentification (broader heuristic: prefix-√root canonical for all verb-tagged tokens)",
        "scope": "word_by_word[].lemma",
        "loci": [
          "kurvanti: kṛ -> √kṛ"
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "so_what_questions": [
    "If body, mind, intellect, and senses are all enumerated separately, is the verse claiming that the ordinary person uses these instruments with possessiveness at each level — and that liberation means denaturalizing ownership at every layer?",
    "Śaṅkara and Madhusūdana both read 'kevala' as 'devoid of the sense of mine' — but Vallabha reads it as 'free of compulsive self-investment in the action itself.' Does the difference in how 'kevala' is unpacked change what counts as successful non-attachment?",
    "Rāmānuja specifies that 'ātma-śuddhi' means destruction of the bondage of prior karma. Śrīdhara says it means purification of the mind-field. Śaṅkara says purification of sattva. Are these three accounts of the same mechanism, or are they three distinct causal stories?",
    "Vallabha is the only commentator who explicitly names devotional acts — śravaṇa (listening), darśana (seeing), kīrtana (singing) — as the concrete content of this verse's 'action.' What is at stake in treating ritual-devotional practice as the primary instance of karma here?",
    "The verse lists body before mind before intellect before senses — an apparently descending order of interiority. Does the order imply a pedagogical sequence (start with bodily purification, advance inward) or is it merely rhetorical enumeration?",
    "Madhva's commentary is a single pointer with no elaboration. In a tradition known for polemical precision, does the brevity signal that this verse is uncontested within Dvaita — or that its implications are handled elsewhere?",
    "If 'ātma-śuddhi' is the stated purpose of non-attached action, what prevents a practitioner from treating purity itself as a new form of fruit — and does any of the six commentators explicitly close that loop?"
  ],
  "everyday_applications": {
    "advaita": "Before any task — answering email, cooking, driving — pause to note 'whose outcome this is.' If the answer is 'mine,' that is the mamata (sense of mine) Śaṅkara targets. The practice: designate each activity explicitly as an offering to the larger field rather than a deposit into personal credit. The test is not whether you feel calm afterward but whether the possessive grip over the result loosens — even slightly — each day.",
    "viśiṣṭādvaita": "Rāmānuja's frame of prācīna-karma-vināśa (destruction of old karmic bondage) suggests a cumulative accounting: every act performed as service to Bhagavān chips away at accumulated debt. The practical orientation is maintenance: show up fully for work, family, civic duty — but frame each engagement explicitly as kainkarya (service rendered to the divine body of which you are a mode). The quality of attention matters; diffuse half-presence is not kainkarya.",
    "dvaita": "Madhva's Dvaita insists on the absolute distinction between the jīva's will and Hari's sovereign will. In daily life this translates to a discipline of authorization: before acting, ask whether this action is sanctioned by dharma — Hari's structural will. If yes, act fully; if uncertain, pause. The fruit belongs entirely to Hari; the jīva's role is accurate instrument-hood, not authorship. Outcome-anxiety is, on this view, a category error about who the agent actually is.",
    "śuddhādvaita": "Vallabha's naming of śravaṇa, darśana, and kīrtana as the primary forms of karma suggests that the devotional arts — attending a concert, visiting a temple, singing with a community — are not leisure supplements to 'real' practice but are themselves the highest form of the action this verse describes. The everyday application is to stop treating these activities as optional and treat them as the structural non-negotiables of the week, performed without the agenda of measurable spiritual progress.",
    "bhakti": "Śrīdhara's framing of the verse as mokṣa-hetu (cause of liberation) through citta-śuddhi (mind-field purification) implies that the practitioner should monitor the quality of the mind that emerges from action, not the action itself. After completing any project — professional, domestic, creative — ask: is the mind lighter or more contracted? Lightness is the empirical signal that the action was performed with the right orientation. Use this as a real-time calibration tool, not a post-hoc rationalization.",
    "advaita-bhakti": "Madhusūdana holds both poles: the act is offered to Kṛṣṇa (devotional form) AND the doer dissolves the sense of mine (non-dual underpinning). In practice this means that any sincere engagement with beauty — music, literature, craftsmanship — can serve as the operative form: bring full technical rigor (the intellect, the senses, the body fully engaged) while holding the outcome loosely as an offering. Neither sloppiness in the name of detachment nor obsession in the name of excellence — the synthesis is skilled action with a permeable boundary around 'my result.'"
  },
  "primary_meaning": "Yogins act through body, mind, intellect, and senses as bare instruments, without claiming ownership of the results, and so purify themselves."
}