Bhagavad Gītā Chapter 18, Verse 41: Krishna to Arjuna — Mokṣa-Sannyāsa-Yoga
Bhagavad Gītā 18.41
ब्राह्मणक्षत्रियविशां शूद्राणां च परन्तप ।
कर्माणि प्रविभक्तानि स्वभावप्रभवैर्गुणैः ॥
brāhmaṇa← brāhmaṇa(5 verses)compound (compound member)a brāhmaṇa (priest-class); pertaining to Brahmankṣatriya← kṣatriya(3 verses)compound (compound member)Kṣatriya (the warrior varṇa)viśāṃ← viśgenitive feminine plural nounto enter (verbal root); also: settler, person (Vaiśya class) śūdrāṇāṃ← śūdra(3 verses)genitive masculine plural nounŚūdra (the fourth varṇa, servant class) ca← ca(391 verses)and; (homonym: also the consonant ca) parantapa← paraṃtapa(10 verses)vocative masculine singular nounscorcher of foes (para 'foe' + tap 'burn')attested in commentariesśuddhādvaitaपुरा तथा प्रविभक्तानि कर्माणिadvaita-bhaktiशत्रुतापन, तेषां चतुर्णामपि वर्णानां कर्माणि प्रकर्षेण विभक्तानीतरेतरविभागेन व्यवस्थितानि
karmāṇi← karman(144 verses)nominative neuter plural nounaction, deed, the law of actionattested in commentariesadvaitaप्रविभक्तानि इतरेतरविभागेन व्यवस्थापितानिviśiṣṭādvaitaशास्त्रैः प्रतिपादितानिbhaktiप्रविभक्तानि प्रकर्षेण विभागतो विहितानिadvaita-bhaktiप्रकर्षेण विभक्तानीतरेतरविभागेन व्यवस्थितानि pravibhaktāni← pra-√vibhaj(2 verses)nominative neuter plural participle nounto distribute, divide (pra- + vi- + √bhaj)attested in commentariesadvaitaइतरेतरविभागेन व्यवस्थापितानिviśiṣṭādvaitaकर्माणि शास्त्रैः प्रतिपादितानिśuddhādvaitaकर्माणिbhaktiप्रकर्षेण विभागतो विहितानि svabhāva← svabhāva(11 verses)compound (compound member)own-nature, innate disposition (sva 'own' + bhāva 'being')attested in commentariesviśiṣṭādvaitaइति दर्शितम्prabhavai← prabhava(6 verses)instrumental masculine plural nounorigin, source; manifestation (pra- + √bhū)rguṇaiḥ← guṇa(35 verses)instrumental masculine plural nounquality, attribute (esp. the three guṇas: sattva/rajas/tamas)attested in commentariesadvaita, स्वभावः ईश्वरस्य प्रकृतिः त्रिगुणात्मिका माया सा प्रभवः येषां गुणानां ते स्वभावप्रभवाः, तैः, शमादीनि कर्माणि प्रविभक्तviśiṣṭādvaitaसह प्रविभक्तानि कर्माणि शास्त्रैः प्रतिपादितानि
spoken
The duties of brahmanas, kshatriyas, vaishyas, and shudras are each distinctly assigned by the *guṇas* that arise from their own nature.