{ "verse_id": "9.20", "mūla": { "devanāgarī": "त्रैविद्या मां सोमपाः पूत-पापा यज्ञैर् इष्ट्वा स्वर्-गतिं प्रार्थयन्ते | ते पुण्यम् आसाद्य सुरेन्द्र-लोकम् अश्नन्ति दिव्यान् दिवि देव-भोगान्", "iast": "traividyā māṃ somapāḥ pūta-pāpā yajñair iṣṭvā svar-gatiṃ prārthayante | te puṇyam āsādya surendra-lokam aśnanti divyān divi deva-bhogān", "chapter_position": "Chapter 9 (Rāja-Vidyā-Rāja-Guhya-Yoga (The Yoga of Royal Knowledge and Royal Mystery)), verse 20", "speaker": "Krishna", "addressed_to": "Arjuna" }, "word_by_word": [ { "surface_form": "traividyāḥ", "lemma": "traividya", "grammar": "nominative masculine plural noun", "senses_attested_in_panel": [], "theme_lists": [], "surface_devanagari": "त्रैविद्याः" }, { "surface_form": "mām", "lemma": "mad", "grammar": "accusative singular noun", "senses_attested_in_panel": [], "theme_lists": [], "surface_devanagari": "माम्" }, { "surface_form": "somapāḥ", "lemma": "somapa", "grammar": "nominative masculine plural noun", "senses_attested_in_panel": [ { "sense": "सोमं पिबन्तीति सोमपाः, तेनैव सोमपानेन पूतपापाः शुद्धकिल्बिषाः, यज्ञैः अग्निष्टोमादिभिः इष्ट्वा पूजयित्वा स्वर्गतिं स्वर", "school": "advaita", "weight": 0.8, "witnesses": [ "shankara" ] }, { "sense": "तेनैव पूतपापाः शोधितकल्मषाः सन्तः स्वर्गतिं स्वर्गं प्रति गतिं ये प्रार्थयन्ते ते पुण्यफलरूपं सुरेन्द्रस्य लोकं स्वर्गम", "school": "bhakti", "weight": 0.8, "witnesses": [ "sridhara" ] } ], "theme_lists": [], "surface_devanagari": "सोमपाः" }, { "surface_form": "pūta", "lemma": "√pū", "grammar": "compound participle (compound member)", "senses_attested_in_panel": [], "theme_lists": [], "surface_devanagari": "पूत" }, { "surface_form": "pāpāḥ", "lemma": "pāpa", "grammar": "nominative masculine plural noun", "senses_attested_in_panel": [], "theme_lists": [], "surface_devanagari": "पापाः" }, { "surface_form": "yajñaiḥ", "lemma": "yajña", "grammar": "instrumental masculine plural noun", "senses_attested_in_panel": [], "theme_lists": [], "surface_devanagari": "यज्ञैः" }, { "surface_form": "iṣṭvā", "lemma": "yaj", "grammar": "conv", "senses_attested_in_panel": [ { "sense": "पूजयित्वा स्वर्गतिं स्वर्गगमनं स्वरेव गतिः स्वर्गतिः ताम्, प्रार्थयन्ते", "school": "advaita", "weight": 0.8, "witnesses": [ "shankara" ] }, { "sense": "तथा अवस्थितं माम् अजानन्तः स्वर्गतिं प्रार्थयन्ते", "school": "viśiṣṭādvaita", "weight": 0.8, "witnesses": [ "ramanuja" ] } ], "theme_lists": [], "surface_devanagari": "इष्ट्वा" }, { "surface_form": "svar", "lemma": "svar", "grammar": "", "senses_attested_in_panel": [], "theme_lists": [], "surface_devanagari": "स्वर्" }, { "surface_form": "gatim", "lemma": "gati", "grammar": "accusative feminine singular noun", "senses_attested_in_panel": [], "theme_lists": [], "surface_devanagari": "गतिम्" }, { "surface_form": "prārthayante", "lemma": "√prārthay", "grammar": "present indicative 3rd person plural verb", "senses_attested_in_panel": [ { "sense": "। ते च पुण्यं पुण्यफलम् आसाद्य संप्राप्य सुरेन्द्रलोकं शतक्रतोः स्थानम् अश्नन्ति भुञ्जते दिव्यान् दिवि भवान् अप्राकृतान्", "school": "advaita", "weight": 0.8, "witnesses": [ "shankara" ] }, { "sense": "। ते पुण्यं दुःखासंभिन्नं सुरेन्द्रलोकं प्राप्य तत्र दिव्यान् देवभोगान् अश्नन्ति।", "school": "viśiṣṭādvaita", "weight": 0.8, "witnesses": [ "ramanuja", "vedantadeshika" ] }, { "sense": "।।स्वर्गतिमित्युपलक्षणं कर्मानुगुणलोकानाम्। तथाहि निबन्धे -- सात्त्विकः सात्त्विकं कर्म यथा श्रुतिपरः कृती। स्वर्गलोकस्त", "school": "śuddhādvaita", "weight": 0.8, "witnesses": [ "vallabha" ] }, { "sense": "ते पुण्यफलरूपं सुरेन्द्रस्य लोकं स्वर्गमासाद्य प्राप्य दिवि स्वर्गे दिव्यानुत्तमान्देवानां भोगानश्नन्ति भुञ्जते", "school": "bhakti", "weight": 0.8, "witnesses": [ "sridhara" ] }, { "sense": "नतु सत्त्वशुद्धिज्ञानोत्पत्त्यादि", "school": "advaita-bhakti", "weight": 0.8, "witnesses": [ "madhusudan" ] } ], "theme_lists": [], "surface_devanagari": "प्रार्थयन्ते" }, { "surface_form": "te", "lemma": "tad", "grammar": "nominative masculine plural noun", "senses_attested_in_panel": [], "theme_lists": [], "surface_devanagari": "ते" }, { "surface_form": "puṇyam", "lemma": "puṇya", "grammar": "accusative masculine singular noun", "senses_attested_in_panel": [], "theme_lists": [], "surface_devanagari": "पुण्यम्" }, { "surface_form": "āsādya", "lemma": "āsāday", "grammar": "conv", "senses_attested_in_panel": [ { "sense": "संप्राप्य सुरेन्द्रलोकं शतक्रतोः स्थानम् अश्नन्ति भुञ्जते दिव्यान् दिवि भवान् अप्राकृतान् देवभोगान् देवानां भोगान्", "school": "advaita", "weight": 0.8, "witnesses": [ "shankara" ] } ], "theme_lists": [], "surface_devanagari": "आसाद्य" }, { "surface_form": "sura", "lemma": "sura", "grammar": "compound (compound member)", "senses_attested_in_panel": [], "theme_lists": [], "surface_devanagari": "सुर" }, { "surface_form": "indra", "lemma": "indra", "grammar": "compound (compound member)", "senses_attested_in_panel": [], "theme_lists": [], "surface_devanagari": "इन्द्र" }, { "surface_form": "lokam", "lemma": "loka", "grammar": "accusative masculine singular noun", "senses_attested_in_panel": [], "theme_lists": [], "surface_devanagari": "लोकम्" }, { "surface_form": "aśnanti", "lemma": "√aś", "grammar": "present indicative 3rd person plural verb", "senses_attested_in_panel": [ { "sense": "भुञ्जते दिव्यान् दिवि भवान् अप्राकृतान् देवभोगान् देवानां भोगान्", "school": "advaita", "weight": 0.8, "witnesses": [ "shankara" ] }, { "sense": "भुञ्जते, अनुभवन्तीत्यर्थः", "school": "viśiṣṭādvaita", "weight": 0.8, "witnesses": [ "vedantadeshika" ] } ], "theme_lists": [], "surface_devanagari": "अश्नन्ति" }, { "surface_form": "divyān", "lemma": "divya", "grammar": "accusative masculine plural noun", "senses_attested_in_panel": [ { "sense": "दिवि भवान् अप्राकृतान् देवभोगान् देवानां भोगान्", "school": "advaita", "weight": 0.8, "witnesses": [ "shankara" ] }, { "sense": "देवभोगान् अश्नन्ति", "school": "viśiṣṭādvaita", "weight": 0.8, "witnesses": [ "ramanuja", "vedantadeshika" ] } ], "theme_lists": [], "surface_devanagari": "दिव्यान्" }, { "surface_form": "divi", "lemma": "div", "grammar": "locative masculine singular noun", "senses_attested_in_panel": [ { "sense": "भवान् अप्राकृतान् देवभोगान् देवानां भोगान्", "school": "advaita", "weight": 0.8, "witnesses": [ "shankara" ] }, { "sense": "भवान् देवभोगान् देवानां भोग्यानित्यर्थः", "school": "viśiṣṭādvaita", "weight": 0.8, "witnesses": [ "vedantadeshika" ] }, { "sense": "स्वर्गे दिव्यानुत्तमान्देवानां भोगानश्नन्ति भुञ्जते", "school": "bhakti", "weight": 0.8, "witnesses": [ "sridhara" ] }, { "sense": "स्वर्गे लोके पुण्यं पुण्यफलं सर्वोत्कृष्टं सुरेन्द्रलोकं शतक्रतोः स्थानमासाद्य दिव्यान्मनुष्यैरलभ्यान् देवभोगान्देवदेहो", "school": "advaita-bhakti", "weight": 0.8, "witnesses": [ "madhusudan" ] } ], "theme_lists": [], "surface_devanagari": "दिवि" }, { "surface_form": "deva", "lemma": "deva", "grammar": "compound (compound member)", "senses_attested_in_panel": [], "theme_lists": [], "surface_devanagari": "देव" }, { "surface_form": "bhogān", "lemma": "bhoga", "grammar": "accusative masculine plural noun", "senses_attested_in_panel": [], "theme_lists": [], "surface_devanagari": "भोगान्" } ], "intertextual_panel": [ { "verse": "9.21", "type": "next-verse continuation", "score": 0.9316, "feature_breakdown": { "cosine": 0.8416, "theme_graph": 1.0, "vocative": 0.0, "substring": 0.0, "lemma_overlap": 20.3229, "stem_prefix": 8.0 } }, { "verse": "9.33", "type": "lemma-family resonance", "score": 0.8956, "feature_breakdown": { "cosine": 0.8356, "theme_graph": 0.0, "vocative": 0.0, "substring": 0.0, "lemma_overlap": 13.0719, "stem_prefix": 6.0 } }, { "verse": "9.32", "type": "lemma-family resonance", "score": 0.8946, "feature_breakdown": { "cosine": 0.8446, "theme_graph": 0.0, "vocative": 0.0, "substring": 0.0, "lemma_overlap": 10.9364, "stem_prefix": 5.0 } }, { "verse": "18.40", "type": "lemma-family resonance", "score": 0.8846, "feature_breakdown": { "cosine": 0.8246, "theme_graph": 0.0, "vocative": 0.0, "substring": 0.0, "lemma_overlap": 12.0877, "stem_prefix": 6.0 } }, { "verse": "3.13", "type": "lemma-family resonance", "score": 0.8845, "feature_breakdown": { "cosine": 0.8245, "theme_graph": 0.0, "vocative": 0.0, "substring": 0.0, "lemma_overlap": 16.3875, "stem_prefix": 6.0 } }, { "verse": "11.8", "type": "cross-chapter thematic parallel", "score": 0.8844, "feature_breakdown": { "cosine": 0.8244, "theme_graph": 1.0, "vocative": 0.0, "substring": 0.0, "lemma_overlap": 8.2445, "stem_prefix": 5.0 } }, { "verse": "10.19", "type": "cross-chapter thematic parallel", "score": 0.8837, "feature_breakdown": { "cosine": 0.8237, "theme_graph": 1.0, "vocative": 0.0, "substring": 0.0, "lemma_overlap": 8.2445, "stem_prefix": 5.0 } }, { "verse": "18.65", "type": "shared-vocabulary echo", "score": 0.881, "feature_breakdown": { "cosine": 0.831, "theme_graph": 0.0, "vocative": 0.0, "substring": 0.0, "lemma_overlap": 6.9323, "stem_prefix": 5.0 } } ], "doctrinal_projections": { "advaita": { "reading_summary": "(reading summary extraction pending; ENABLE_READING_SUMMARIES=true to generate)", "key_cross_references": [], "witness_passages": [ "shankara_9.20", "anandgiri_9.20" ], "score": 0.5, "divergence_note": "Advaita is alone in treating 'mām' as equivalent to nirguṇa Brahman accessed obliquely through ritual forms; for Śaṅkara the worshipper's ignorance of this identity is precisely what makes the result temporary.", "english_rendering": "Śaṅkara reads this verse as a precise taxonomy of the bound ritualist. Those who know the three Vedas (trai-vidyāḥ) worship Me in my form as Vasu and other deities — yet without recognising that what they approach is ultimately Brahman. The soma-drinking (soma-pāḥ) purges the demerit that would obstruct heavenly ascent, but the motive remains sakāma (desire-driven): they pray for svarga-gati (heavenward passage), not liberation. Śaṅkara's implicit diagnosis is strict: ritual competence without jñāna lands the agent in Indra's realm as a temporary tenant, not as an emancipated knower." }, "viśiṣṭādvaita": { "reading_summary": "(reading summary extraction pending; ENABLE_READING_SUMMARIES=true to generate)", "key_cross_references": [], "witness_passages": [ "ramanuja_9.20", "vedantadeshika_9.20" ], "score": 0.5, "divergence_note": "Unlike Advaita, Rāmānuja affirms that Bhagavān is genuinely worshipped even in ignorance because deity-forms are real modifications of the one Lord (viśiṣṭa-Brahman), not illusory superimpositions.", "english_rendering": "Rāmānuja draws a sharp internal border within the Vedic tradition itself. The trai-vidyāḥ are limited students — masters of the three recensions alone, distinct from the mahātmāḥ who have reached veda-anta and know Me as the reality underlying all ritual. Even so, their yajñas (sacrificial rites) do genuinely worship Me (māmeva iṣṭvā), though in ignorance of My full nature as Bhagavān qualified by all sentient and insentient reality. The purification of sin is partial: they are 'freed from the sins that obstruct svarga,' not from the saṃsāra-causing karma that requires bhakti to dissolve." }, "dvaita": { "reading_summary": "(reading summary extraction pending; ENABLE_READING_SUMMARIES=true to generate)", "key_cross_references": [], "witness_passages": [ "madhva_9.20", "jayatirtha_9.20" ], "score": 0.5, "divergence_note": "Dvaita is unique in making the polemic explicit: the verse demonstrates Hari's ontological superiority (bhedā-bheda is categorically rejected), not merely a contrast between liberation and bondage.", "english_rendering": "Madhva reads this verse in tandem with 9.21 as a single argument: even Hari-worship conducted through Vedic yajña under the frame of seeking Indra's heaven is superior to direct worship of other deities — because in every yajña it is ultimately Hari who is the true recipient. The trai-vidyāḥ gain svarga not because Indra gives it but because Hari, as the inner controller (antaryāmin) of Indra, grants the merit. Their ignorance of Hari's sovereignty limits the benefit to temporary svarga; had they known Him as the sole independent reality (svatantra), liberation would follow." }, "śuddhādvaita": { "reading_summary": "(reading summary extraction pending; ENABLE_READING_SUMMARIES=true to generate)", "key_cross_references": [], "witness_passages": [ "vallabha_9.20" ], "score": 0.5, "divergence_note": "Śuddhādvaita alone gives a differentiated cosmological map (sāttvika/rājasa/tāmasa worlds) where other schools treat svarga as a single Indra-realm; this reflects Puṣṭi-mārga's insistence that prasāda-grace alone transcends the guṇa-matrix.", "english_rendering": "Vallabha situates this verse within a cosmological schema of three-strand action (tri-guṇa karma) and its corresponding worlds. The trai-vidyāḥ — absorbed in the three Vedas as the expression of the three guṇas — perform yajñas calibrated to their own guṇa-disposition and thereby reach the worlds corresponding to that guṇa-level. Their svarga-prārthanā (prayer for heaven) is legitimate within the path of pravṛtti, but because they remain in the guṇa-flow, they re-enter the cycle without attaining Kṛṣṇa's realm of pure grace (puṣṭi). Svarga-gati is emblematic, not exhaustive: the verse's sub-commentary lists sāttvika, rājasa, and tāmasa streams each producing their distinct destination." }, "bhakti": { "reading_summary": "(reading summary extraction pending; ENABLE_READING_SUMMARIES=true to generate)", "key_cross_references": [], "witness_passages": [ "sridhara_9.20" ], "score": 0.5, "divergence_note": "Śrīdhara's voice is the most explicitly pastoral: his purpose is to show the worshipper what is at stake in non-recognition, moving the reader toward full bhakti rather than diagnosing the ritual as intellectually deficient (Śaṅkara) or theologically incomplete (Rāmānuja).", "english_rendering": "Śrīdhara Svāmī frames the verse devotionally: the trai-vidyāḥ worship Me (Vāsudeva) in the form of Indra and other deities without recognising the identity — 'without knowing that the other-deity form is actually My own form' (mameva rūpaṃ devatāntaram ity ajānantaḥ api vastutas… māmeva iṣṭvā). This non-recognition is precisely what limits the fruit to svarga. The verse belongs to a didactic pair: the preceding verses showed devotees who honour Me directly (mahātmānaḥ); this pair shows those who obtain only the cycling of merit because they do not take Parameśvara Śrī-Vāsudeva as the sole refuge." }, "advaita-bhakti": { "reading_summary": "(reading summary extraction pending; ENABLE_READING_SUMMARIES=true to generate)", "key_cross_references": [], "witness_passages": [ "madhusudan_9.20" ], "score": 0.5, "divergence_note": "Madhusūdana is alone in making the psychological mechanism explicit: it is not merely ignorance of Brahman (Śaṅkara) or ignorance of Bhagavān's full nature (Rāmānuja) that causes the limitation, but the desire-structure of the worshipper that forecloses the sattva-śuddhi pathway even when the ritual itself is valid.", "english_rendering": "Madhusūdana Sarasvatī frames 9.20 as the opening of a two-verse demonstration that sakāma (desire-motivated) karma, even when Vedically correct, is structurally incapable of producing sattva-śuddhi (purity of mind) because the very motive of desire prevents the mind-purification that alone can generate jñāna. The trai-vidyāḥ perform the three-Veda yajñas through all three savanas, worshipping Me in My forms as Vasu, Rudra, and Āditya — yet without knowing this identity. Their soma-drinking purges the specific sins obstructing svarga, but they do not pursue sattva-śuddhi or jñāna-utpatti; they aim only at celestial enjoyment. The synthesis: ritual perfection without bhakti-jñāna is a closed loop that expends merit and returns the agent to saṃsāra." } }, "prosodic_information": { "meter": "triṣṭubh", "meter_shift_from_previous": true, "meter_shift_to_next": false, "pragmatic_context": { "vocative": "", "preceding_question": "", "following_response": "" } }, "theme_list_memberships": [ { "list": "दिव्य", "role": "supporting", "other_verses_in_list": [ "1.14", "4.9", "8.8", "8.10", "10.12", "10.16", "10.19", "10.40", "11.5", "11.8", "11.10", "11.11", "11.15" ] }, { "list": "पूतपापाः", "role": "supporting", "other_verses_in_list": [ "9.21" ] }, { "list": "भोगान्", "role": "supporting", "other_verses_in_list": [ "2.5", "3.12" ] } ], "audit_trail": { "substrate_version": "v2.6-frozen", "fitted_weights": { "a": 1.0, "b": 0.01, "e_v": 0.005, "z": 0.2, "h": 0.0, "th": 0.01 }, "corpus_provenance": { "mūla": "Belvalkar critical edition (BORI 1947), via Ambuda multi-witness", "panel_witnesses": [ "bg-mula", "bg-shankara", "bg-ramanuja", "bg-madhva", "bg-vedantadeshika", "bg-vallabha", "bg-jayatirtha", "bg-anandgiri", "bg-sridhara", "bg-madhusudan" ] }, "extraction_date": "2026-04-21", "score_methodology_documented_at": "Paper 1, Section II.B", "word_by_word_parser": "ByT5-Sanskrit-multitask (Nehrdich/Hellwig/Keutzer EMNLP 2024)", "post_generation_repairs": [ { "date": "2026-05-03", "fix": "verb-lemma-misidentification (broader heuristic: prefix-√root canonical for all verb-tagged tokens)", "scope": "word_by_word[].lemma", "loci": [ "pūta: pū -> √pū", "prārthayante: prārthay -> √prārthay", "aśnanti: aś -> √aś" ] }, { "kind": "qmark_artifact_repair", "applied_at": "2026-05-08T01:56:15.073453Z", "applied_by": "summon-web/scripts/repair_qmark_artifacts.py", "n_senses_repaired": 3, "substitution": "? -> ,", "root_cause": "ITRANS '\\,' (literal-comma escape) in sd_bgshankarabhashya.itx corrupted to '?' during upstream HTML pipeline at gitasupersite; propagated through h_c_panel/commentaries/bg_*.jsonl into substrate.", "verification_source": "sonos-paper/samvad_db/sources/sd_bgshankarabhashya.itx" } ] }, "so_what_questions": [ "If all Vedic yajña secretly worships Me regardless of the worshipper's theological awareness, what does 'knowing Me' (mad-jñāna) actually add — and why does it change the result so radically?", "The verse implies that ritual purification (soma-drinking removing demerit) and liberative purification (sattva-śuddhi) are categorically different operations. What distinguishes them in practice for a modern person who cannot perform yajña?", "Rāmānuja draws a boundary between trai-vidyāḥ (three-Veda ritualists) and mahātmāḥ (veda-anta knowers). What markers in ordinary life signal which side of that boundary one is on?", "Every school agrees the trai-vidyāḥ do reach heaven — the outcome is positive, not punitive. Why then does the text present this as a cautionary case?", "Śuddhādvaita maps svarga-gati onto a three-guṇa cosmological grid rather than a single Indra-realm. What practical difference does it make whether one frames 'heaven' as a singular place or as a spectrum of states corresponding to the quality of one's action?", "The verse specifies that the worshippers 'pray for heaven' (svarga-gatiṃ prārthayante) as if the request itself is the limiting factor. Is the problem the desire, the ignorance, or the object desired — and do the six schools answer this the same way?", "If Madhusūdana is right that sakāma-karma forecloses sattva-śuddhi structurally, what is the minimum change in motivation — not in ritual — that would open the liberation pathway?" ], "everyday_applications": { "advaita": "When you work hard toward a promotion or award and achieve it, notice that the satisfaction is real but temporary — the next target immediately appears. The Advaita application is not to stop working but to hold the goal lightly enough that achieving or not achieving it does not constitute your identity. The practice is to ask, after the success: 'Who is the one who wanted this?'", "viśiṣṭādvaita": "When you contribute to a cause you believe in — a community project, a family sacrifice, a professional commitment — you are genuinely serving Bhagavān even if you frame it in entirely secular terms. Rāmānuja's application: perform the same action with explicit kainkarya (service-awareness), dedicating the fruit to the Lord, and the act becomes a rung of bhakti-yoga rather than a merit-deposit with a personal yield.", "dvaita": "Every institution you work within — a company, a government, a university — has a nominal head and an ultimate ground that is Hari. Madhva's application: do not confuse loyalty to the institutional head (Indra-figure) with the deepest referent of your service. When the institution disappoints, the loyalty to Hari as sole independent reality (svatantra) remains stable and does not collapse with the institutional structure.", "śuddhādvaita": "Vallabha's cosmological grid maps to modern life: sāttvika effort (learning, creation, service) generates sāttvika results (clarity, expanded capability, community); rājasa effort (competition, status-seeking) generates rājasa results (temporary dominance, then volatility). You naturally inhabit one of these streams at any moment. The application is not to force yourself into the sāttvika stream by will — that is still guṇa-level strategy — but to seek the prasāda (grace-gift) of Kṛṣṇa that lifts you out of the guṇa-matrix entirely.", "bhakti": "Śrīdhara's pastoral point: many people perform 'ritual' in the modern sense — regular practices, ethical disciplines, charitable acts — without directing them toward Parameśvara. The stream of birth-and-death (janma-mṛtyu-pravāha) that Śrīdhara calls 'irresistible' for non-devotees maps to the modern experience of achieving goals and finding the goalpost moved. The application is simple: redirect the same effort toward the one Vāsudeva by naming Him explicitly as the recipient of your action.", "advaita-bhakti": "Madhusūdana's psychological precision applies to any goal-setting practice: if the desire-structure is intact, even excellent execution produces only the desired result — and then the cycle continues. The modern application is to examine whether your spiritual or self-improvement practice has an implicit KPI (desired outcome), because that KPI is exactly what prevents the sattva-śuddhi (mental clarity) that would make the practice transformative. The practice is not to abandon goals but to place them in Kṛṣṇa's hands before you begin, not after you succeed or fail." }, "primary_meaning": "Those who know the three Vedas worship Me through sacrifice and soma-rites, praying for heaven; they reach Indra's world and enjoy its divine pleasures." }