{
  "verse_id": "8.2",
  "mūla": {
    "devanāgarī": "अधियज्ञः कथं को ऽत्र देहे ऽस्मिन् मधुसूदन | प्रयाण-काले च कथं ज्ञेयो ऽसि नियतात्मभिः",
    "iast": "adhiyajñaḥ kathaṃ ko 'tra dehe 'smin madhusūdana | prayāṇa-kāle ca kathaṃ jñeyo 'si niyatātmabhiḥ",
    "chapter_position": "Chapter 8 (Akṣara-Brahma-Yoga (The Yoga of the Imperishable Brahman)), verse 2",
    "speaker": "Krishna",
    "addressed_to": "Arjuna"
  },
  "word_by_word": [
    {
      "surface_form": "adhiyajñaḥ",
      "lemma": "adhiyajña",
      "grammar": "nominative masculine singular noun",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [
        {
          "sense": "कथं कोऽत्रेति न प्रश्नभेदकः[दः] कथमिति तु प्रकारभेदविवक्षयेति द्रष्टव्यम्",
          "school": "advaita",
          "weight": 0.8,
          "witnesses": [
            "anandgiri"
          ]
        },
        {
          "sense": "कथं कोऽत्रेति न प्रश्नद्वयं किंतु सप्रकार एकएव प्रश्न इति द्रष्टव्यम्",
          "school": "advaita-bhakti",
          "weight": 0.8,
          "witnesses": [
            "madhusudan"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "अधियज्ञः"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "katham",
      "lemma": "katham",
      "grammar": "",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "कथम्"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "kaḥ",
      "lemma": "ka",
      "grammar": "nominative masculine singular noun",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "कः"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "atra",
      "lemma": "atra",
      "grammar": "",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "अत्र"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "dehe",
      "lemma": "deha",
      "grammar": "locative masculine singular noun",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [
        {
          "sense": "कथ ज्ञेयः",
          "school": "śuddhādvaita",
          "weight": 0.8,
          "witnesses": [
            "vallabha"
          ]
        },
        {
          "sense": "यो यज्ञो वर्तते तस्मिन्कोऽधियज्ञः",
          "school": "bhakti",
          "weight": 0.8,
          "witnesses": [
            "sridhara"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "देहे"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "asmin",
      "lemma": "idam",
      "grammar": "locative masculine singular noun",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "अस्मिन्"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "madhusūdana",
      "lemma": "madhusūdana",
      "grammar": "vocative masculine singular noun",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "मधुसूदन"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "prayāṇa",
      "lemma": "prayāṇa",
      "grammar": "compound (compound member)",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "प्रयाण"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "kāle",
      "lemma": "kāla",
      "grammar": "locative masculine singular noun",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "काले"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "ca",
      "lemma": "ca",
      "grammar": "",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "च"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "katham",
      "lemma": "katham",
      "grammar": "",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "कथम्"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "jñeyaḥ",
      "lemma": "jñā",
      "grammar": "nominative masculine singular gdv noun",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "ज्ञेयः"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "asi",
      "lemma": "√as",
      "grammar": "present indicative 2nd person singular verb",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "असि"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "niyata",
      "lemma": "ni-√yam",
      "grammar": "compound participle (compound member)",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "नियत"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "ātmabhiḥ",
      "lemma": "ātman",
      "grammar": "instrumental masculine plural noun",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "आत्मभिः"
    }
  ],
  "intertextual_panel": [
    {
      "verse": "8.1",
      "type": "next-verse continuation",
      "score": 0.9319,
      "feature_breakdown": {
        "cosine": 0.8319,
        "theme_graph": 7.0,
        "vocative": 0.0,
        "substring": 0.0,
        "lemma_overlap": 1.069,
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    {
      "verse": "8.4",
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    {
      "verse": "7.30",
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        "cosine": 0.8419,
        "theme_graph": 0.0,
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        "lemma_overlap": 10.5583,
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    {
      "verse": "18.70",
      "type": "thematic-similarity",
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      "feature_breakdown": {
        "cosine": 0.8412,
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        "lemma_overlap": 3.6902,
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    {
      "verse": "2.4",
      "type": "long-distance thematic echo",
      "score": 0.8884,
      "feature_breakdown": {
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    },
    {
      "verse": "14.11",
      "type": "shared-vocabulary echo",
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    },
    {
      "verse": "8.10",
      "type": "lemma-family resonance",
      "score": 0.8834,
      "feature_breakdown": {
        "cosine": 0.8434,
        "theme_graph": 0.0,
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    },
    {
      "verse": "10.30",
      "type": "shared-vocabulary echo",
      "score": 0.8832,
      "feature_breakdown": {
        "cosine": 0.8332,
        "theme_graph": 0.0,
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  ],
  "doctrinal_projections": {
    "advaita": {
      "reading_summary": "(reading summary extraction pending; ENABLE_READING_SUMMARIES=true to generate)",
      "key_cross_references": [],
      "witness_passages": [
        "shankara_8.2",
        "anandgiri_8.2"
      ],
      "score": 0.5,
      "english_rendering": "Arjuna here asks the question whose seed Bhagavān Himself planted at 7.29 — 'those who seek liberation know brahma, adhyātma (the self as its own ground), and karma in full.' The present verse completes that inquiry by adding the adhiyajña dimension: who presides over yajña in this very body (deha), and how, at the moment of departure (prāyaṇa-kāla), is He to be known by those of disciplined mind (niyatātman)? Śaṅkara's bhāṣya treats these as question-seeds awaiting sequential resolution in Bhagavān's reply, not as independent puzzles — the entire cluster arises from the single desire for mokṣa.",
      "divergence_note": "Śaṅkara: 'ते ब्रह्म तद्विदुः कृत्स्नम् (7.29) इत्यादिना भगवता अर्जुनस्य प्रश्नबीजानि उपदिष्टानि' — the questions are seeds sown by Bhagavān Himself in chapter 7."
    },
    "viśiṣṭādvaita": {
      "reading_summary": "(reading summary extraction pending; ENABLE_READING_SUMMARIES=true to generate)",
      "key_cross_references": [],
      "witness_passages": [
        "ramanuja_8.2",
        "vedantadeshika_8.2"
      ],
      "score": 0.5,
      "english_rendering": "Arjuna's question is precise and threefold: for the mumukṣu seeking liberation from old-age and death through Bhagavān, what are brahma, adhyātma, and karma? For the aiśvarya-seeker, what are adhibhūta and adhidaiva? And for all three types of devotees, who is the adhiyajña indicated by that compound word, and how does He abide in this body? The clinching question — how do the niyatātmans, those whose minds have been steadied through bhakti-yoga, come to know You at the moment of departure — ties the entire inquiry to the practitioner's last breath.",
      "divergence_note": "Rāmānuja: 'अधियज्ञशब्दनिर्दिष्टश्च कः तस्य च अधियज्ञभावः कथं प्रयाणकाले च एभिः त्रिभिः नियतात्मभिः कथं ज्ञेयः असि' — three categories of seekers, one adhiyajña, one moment of departure."
    },
    "dvaita": {
      "reading_summary": "(reading summary extraction pending; ENABLE_READING_SUMMARIES=true to generate)",
      "key_cross_references": [],
      "witness_passages": [
        "madhva_8.2",
        "jayatirtha_8.2"
      ],
      "score": 0.5,
      "english_rendering": "This verse is the threshold of the chapter whose subject is what must be done — and what path must be taken — at the hour of death (maraṇa-kāla). Arjuna asks who the adhiyajña is and how a jīva, eternally distinct from yet wholly dependent on Hari, can hold the mind steady enough at departure to reach Him. For Madhva, the answer will be that only Viṣṇu is the adhiyajña, and only the jīva who has cultivated direct dependence on Hari through karma-as-worship can meet Him knowingly at that moment.",
      "divergence_note": "Madhva: 'मरणकालकर्त्तव्यगत्याद्यस्मिन्नध्याय उपदिशति' — this chapter instructs on what is to be done and what path is taken at the time of death."
    },
    "śuddhādvaita": {
      "reading_summary": "(reading summary extraction pending; ENABLE_READING_SUMMARIES=true to generate)",
      "key_cross_references": [],
      "witness_passages": [
        "vallabha_8.2"
      ],
      "score": 0.5,
      "english_rendering": "Arjuna's question is simple and immediate: the adhiyajña — whoever oversees the yajña in this body (deha) — who is He, and how is He to be known? At prāyaṇa-kāla, when the body that hosted this yajña is being surrendered, how do the niyatātmans — those whose very selves have been steadied by Kṛṣṇa's grace — come to know You? For Vallabha, the entire question points to Kṛṣṇa's prasāda: the yajña in the body is His līlā, and knowing Him at death is not an achievement but a gift.",
      "divergence_note": "Vallabha: 'अधियज्ञश्च कः स चाधियज्ञोऽत्र देहे कथ ज्ञेयः' — the question is structural paraphrase of the mūla, with no independent elaboration."
    },
    "bhakti": {
      "reading_summary": "(reading summary extraction pending; ENABLE_READING_SUMMARIES=true to generate)",
      "key_cross_references": [],
      "witness_passages": [
        "sridhara_8.2"
      ],
      "score": 0.5,
      "english_rendering": "Śrīdhara unpacks the verse's inner grammar: the yajña that takes place in this body has an adhiṣṭhātā (presiding lord), a prayojaka (efficient cause who sets it in motion), and a phala-dātā (giver of its fruit) — and Arjuna's first question is simply: who is that person? The second question then asks about mode of abiding: how, and by what means, does that adhiyajña reside within and preside over this bodily yajña? Śrīdhara adds that 'yajña' here is synecdoche for all karma — every act of embodied life is a yajña, and every act has this hidden presiding lord. The final question — how the niyatacittāḥ (those of controlled mind) know Him at death — implies that such knowing requires a method, and that method is the chapter's real teaching.",
      "divergence_note": "Śrīdhara: 'अत्र देहे यो यज्ञो वर्तते तस्मिन्कोऽधियज्ञः। अधिष्ठाता प्रयोजकः फलदाता च क इत्यर्थः... यज्ञग्रहणं सर्वकर्मणामुपलक्षणार्थम्।'"
    },
    "advaita-bhakti": {
      "reading_summary": "(reading summary extraction pending; ENABLE_READING_SUMMARIES=true to generate)",
      "key_cross_references": [],
      "witness_passages": [
        "madhusudan_8.2"
      ],
      "score": 0.5,
      "english_rendering": "Madhusūdana opens a cluster of nested questions inside the single word adhiyajña: is it the deity-self (devatātmā) resident in yajña, or is it Parabrahman itself? If the latter, is Arjuna asking about tādātmya (the identity of yajña with Brahman) or atyanta-abheda (absolute non-difference)? And where does this adhiyajña dwell — within the body, or outside it? If within, is it buddhi, or something distinct from buddhi? Madhusūdana reads the doubled question ('adhiyajña kaḥ, katham') not as two questions but as a single question with its mode of inquiry built in. He also notes that Arjuna invokes the epithet 'Madhusūdana' (slayer of Madhu) deliberately — just as Bhagavān effortlessly removes the demon Madhu, so too can He effortlessly remove the obstacle of Arjuna's doubt. The final worry: at prāyaṇa-kāla all the sense-faculties are in disarray (karaṇa-grāma-vaiyagrya), and how can a samāhita-citta (collected mind) be achieved under those conditions?",
      "divergence_note": "Madhusūdana: 'अधियज्ञो यज्ञमधिगतो देवतात्मा परब्रह्म वा... किं तादात्म्यैन किं वात्यन्ताभेदेन... सर्वकरणग्रामवैयग्र्याच्चित्तसमाधानानुपपत्तेः कथं नियतात्मभिः ज्ञेयोऽसि।'"
    }
  },
  "prosodic_information": {
    "meter": "anuṣṭubh",
    "meter_shift_from_previous": false,
    "meter_shift_to_next": false,
    "pragmatic_context": {
      "vocative": "Tāta",
      "preceding_question": "",
      "following_response": ""
    }
  },
  "theme_list_memberships": [
    {
      "list": "अधियज्ञः",
      "role": "supporting",
      "other_verses_in_list": [
        "8.21"
      ]
    },
    {
      "list": "किमध्यात्मम्",
      "role": "supporting",
      "other_verses_in_list": [
        "8.1"
      ]
    },
    {
      "list": "मधुसूदन",
      "role": "supporting",
      "other_verses_in_list": [
        "1.35",
        "2.1",
        "2.4",
        "6.33"
      ]
    },
    {
      "list": "यज्ञः",
      "role": "supporting",
      "other_verses_in_list": [
        "3.14",
        "4.33",
        "9.16",
        "16.1"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "audit_trail": {
    "substrate_version": "v2.6-frozen",
    "fitted_weights": {
      "a": 1.0,
      "b": 0.01,
      "e_v": 0.005,
      "z": 0.2,
      "h": 0.0,
      "th": 0.01
    },
    "corpus_provenance": {
      "mūla": "Belvalkar critical edition (BORI 1947), via Ambuda multi-witness",
      "panel_witnesses": [
        "bg-mula",
        "bg-shankara",
        "bg-ramanuja",
        "bg-madhva",
        "bg-vedantadeshika",
        "bg-vallabha",
        "bg-jayatirtha",
        "bg-anandgiri",
        "bg-sridhara",
        "bg-madhusudan"
      ]
    },
    "extraction_date": "2026-04-21",
    "score_methodology_documented_at": "Paper 1, Section II.B",
    "word_by_word_parser": "ByT5-Sanskrit-multitask (Nehrdich/Hellwig/Keutzer EMNLP 2024)",
    "post_generation_repairs": [
      {
        "date": "2026-05-03",
        "fix": "verb-lemma-misidentification (broader heuristic: prefix-√root canonical for all verb-tagged tokens)",
        "scope": "word_by_word[].lemma",
        "loci": [
          "asi: as -> √as",
          "niyata: niyam -> ni-√yam"
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "so_what_questions": [
    "If adhiyajña is already present in every act of embodied life as its presiding lord (per Śrīdhara: adhiṣṭhātā, prayojaka, phala-dātā), what changes in my relationship to my daily work when I recognize that presence rather than treating myself as the sole agent?",
    "Madhusūdana raises the problem of karaṇa-grāma-vaiyagrya — the scattering of all faculties at death. Does this mean the quality of one's final knowing depends entirely on lifelong practice, not on last-moment effort?",
    "Rāmānuja distinguishes mumukṣus (seeking liberation) from aiśvarya-artins (seeking power) as two different types of questioner. What does this two-track framework imply about whether the same knowledge of adhiyajña serves both, or whether they are on genuinely different paths?",
    "Śaṅkara reads the questions as 'seeds' planted by Bhagavān in 7.29 and now sprouting as Arjuna's inquiry. Is there a general principle here that real questions arise only after the teacher has prepared the ground — and that unrequested questions are therefore premature?",
    "Madhva frames the entire chapter under maraṇa-kāla-kartavya — what is to be done at the moment of death. Does this suggest that the primary audience of Chapter 8 is not philosophers but practitioners who need a concrete death-time method?",
    "Vallabha's bhāṣya on this verse is near-verbatim restatement of the mūla, almost no elaboration. Is restraint from commentary itself a doctrinal statement — that in Puṣṭi-mārga the question answers itself once prasāda is received?",
    "All six schools acknowledge niyatātman (or niyatacittāḥ) as a prerequisite for knowing Bhagavān at prāyaṇa-kāla. What does this unanimity across divergent schools suggest about the one thing they agree on: discipline precedes deathbed recognition?"
  ],
  "everyday_applications": {
    "advaita": "Before beginning any structured practice — meditation, study, or work done as sādhanā — pause and identify the 'question-seed': what prior teaching planted this particular inquiry? Tracing the lineage of your question (as Śaṅkara traces 8.2 to 7.29) prevents you from treating each sitting as a fresh start and builds cumulative jñāna over time.",
    "viśiṣṭādvaita": "When you take on a significant project, explicitly name which category of seeker you are entering it as — are you seeking freedom (mumukṣu mode) or seeking to build capability (aiśvarya mode)? Rāmānuja's three-category framework applied to daily work means your prayer, your method, and your measure of success should be internally consistent with that declared orientation.",
    "dvaita": "Treat each day's schedule as a maraṇa-kāla rehearsal: at one point in the day, identify one action you would want to have completed — and completed in consciousness of Hari — if this were your last day. Doing that action first, before urgency makes all faculties scatter, is Madhva's chapter-level instruction made personal and daily.",
    "śuddhādvaita": "When a project concludes — a meeting ends, a creative piece is finished, a relationship conversation closes — resist the impulse to immediately evaluate your performance as agent. Instead, hold the outcome for a moment as Kṛṣṇa's prasāda: the yajña in the body is His līlā, and the fruit is His gift. This one-second reframe, practiced consistently, is Vallabha's niyatātman discipline made habitual.",
    "bhakti": "Apply Śrīdhara's three-role analysis (adhiṣṭhātā / prayojaka / phala-dātā) to a recurring responsibility in your life — your role at work, in a family, in a community. Ask: who or what is the actual presiding intelligence behind this activity (not you), what sets it in motion, and who ultimately distributes its fruits? This triple inquiry, done honestly about one domain, restructures your sense of ownership across all domains.",
    "advaita-bhakti": "When you feel overwhelmed — senses scattered, mind unable to collect itself — invoke the Madhusūdana epithet as Arjuna does: not as ritual but as recognition that there is a function in reality that removes the obstacles you cannot remove yourself. This is not passive resignation; it is Madhusūdana Sarasvatī's point that samāhita-citta at impossible moments (prāyaṇa-kāla or its daily equivalent) requires surrendering the assumption that you must generate the collectedness alone."
  },
  "primary_meaning": "Arjuna asks: who is the lord of sacrifice, and how does he dwell in this body, and how do those of steady mind come to know you at the hour of death, O Madhusudana?"
}