{
  "verse_id": "4.20",
  "mūla": {
    "devanāgarī": "त्यक्त्वा कर्म-फलासङ्गं नित्य-तृप्तो निराश्रयः | कर्मण्य् अभिप्रवृत्तो ऽपि नैव किंचित् करोति सः",
    "iast": "tyaktvā karma-phalāsaṅgaṃ nitya-tṛpto nirāśrayaḥ | karmaṇy abhipravṛtto 'pi naiva kiṃcit karoti saḥ",
    "chapter_position": "Chapter 4 (Jñāna-Karma-Sannyāsa-Yoga (The Yoga of Renunciation of Action in Knowledge)), verse 20",
    "speaker": "Krishna",
    "addressed_to": "Arjuna"
  },
  "word_by_word": [
    {
      "surface_form": "tyaktvā",
      "lemma": "tyaj",
      "grammar": "conv",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [
        {
          "sense": "कर्मसु अभिमानं फलासङ्गं",
          "school": "advaita",
          "weight": 0.8,
          "witnesses": [
            "shankara",
            "anandgiri"
          ]
        },
        {
          "sense": "नित्यतृप्तो नित्ये स्वात्मनि",
          "school": "viśiṣṭādvaita",
          "weight": 0.8,
          "witnesses": [
            "ramanuja",
            "vedantadeshika"
          ]
        },
        {
          "sense": "ज्ञानस्वरूपमाह पुनर्नित्यतृप्त इति",
          "school": "dvaita",
          "weight": 0.8,
          "witnesses": [
            "madhva"
          ]
        },
        {
          "sense": "अर्थात् अप्राकृतं वस्तु यथाभूततया सर्वं विभाव्य कर्मणि प्रवृत्तोऽपि नैव किञ्चित्करोति अकर्मैव स यथा ब्रह्मा कर्मोक्तं त",
          "school": "śuddhādvaita",
          "weight": 0.8,
          "witnesses": [
            "vallabha"
          ]
        },
        {
          "sense": "नित्येन निजानन्देन तृप्तः अतएव योगक्षेमार्थमाश्रयणीयरहितः एवंभूतो",
          "school": "bhakti",
          "weight": 0.8,
          "witnesses": [
            "sridhara"
          ]
        },
        {
          "sense": "अकर्त्रभोक्त्रात्मसम्यग्दर्शनेन बाधित्वा नित्यतृप्तः परमानन्दस्वरूपलाभेन सर्वत्र निराकाङ्क्षः",
          "school": "advaita-bhakti",
          "weight": 0.8,
          "witnesses": [
            "madhusudan"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "त्यक्त्वा"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "karma",
      "lemma": "karman",
      "grammar": "compound (compound member)",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "कर्म"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "phala",
      "lemma": "phala",
      "grammar": "compound (compound member)",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "फल"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "āsaṅgam",
      "lemma": "āsaṅga",
      "grammar": "accusative masculine singular noun",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "आसङ्गम्"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "nitya",
      "lemma": "nitya",
      "grammar": "compound (compound member)",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "नित्य"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "tṛptaḥ",
      "lemma": "√tṛp",
      "grammar": "nominative masculine singular participle noun",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "तृप्तः"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "nirāśrayaḥ",
      "lemma": "nirāśraya",
      "grammar": "nominative masculine singular noun",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [
        {
          "sense": "आश्रयरहितः आश्रयो नाम",
          "school": "advaita",
          "weight": 0.8,
          "witnesses": [
            "shankara"
          ]
        },
        {
          "sense": "अस्थिरप्रकृतौ आश्रयबुद्धिरहितो",
          "school": "viśiṣṭādvaita",
          "weight": 0.8,
          "witnesses": [
            "ramanuja",
            "vedantadeshika"
          ]
        },
        {
          "sense": "इति साध्योऽर्थः कथं साधने निवेश्यते इत्यत आह ज्ञाने ति",
          "school": "dvaita",
          "weight": 0.8,
          "witnesses": [
            "jayatirtha"
          ]
        },
        {
          "sense": "आश्रयो देहिन्द्रयादिरद्वैतदर्शनेन निर्गतो यस्मात्स निराश्रयो देहेन्द्रियाद्यभिमानशून्यः",
          "school": "advaita-bhakti",
          "weight": 0.8,
          "witnesses": [
            "madhusudan"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "निराश्रयः"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "karmaṇi",
      "lemma": "karman",
      "grammar": "locative neuter singular noun",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "कर्मणि"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "abhipravṛttaḥ",
      "lemma": "abhi-√pravṛt",
      "grammar": "nominative masculine singular participle noun",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "अभिप्रवृत्तः"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "api",
      "lemma": "api",
      "grammar": "",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "अपि"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "nā",
      "lemma": "na",
      "grammar": "",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "ना"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "eva",
      "lemma": "eva",
      "grammar": "",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "एव"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "kiṃcid",
      "lemma": "kaścit",
      "grammar": "accusative neuter singular noun",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "किंचिद्"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "karoti",
      "lemma": "kṛ",
      "grammar": "present indicative 3rd person singular verb",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [
        {
          "sense": "सः ।।यः पुनः पूर्वोक्तविपरीतः प्रागेव कर्मारम्भात् ब्रह्मणि सर्वान्तरे प्रत्यगात्मनि निष्क्रिये संजातात्मदर्शनः स दृष्ट",
          "school": "advaita",
          "weight": 0.8,
          "witnesses": [
            "shankara",
            "anandgiri"
          ]
        },
        {
          "sense": "। स कर्मणि आभिमुख्येन प्रवृत्तः अपि न एव किञ्चित् कर्म करोति कर्मापदेशेन ज्ञानाभ्यासम् एव करोति इत्यर्थः।पुनः अपि कर्मणा",
          "school": "viśiṣṭādvaita",
          "weight": 0.8,
          "witnesses": [
            "ramanuja"
          ]
        },
        {
          "sense": "। तस्य कर्माकर्मतामापद्यत इत्यर्थः।",
          "school": "bhakti",
          "weight": 0.8,
          "witnesses": [
            "sridhara"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "करोति"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "saḥ",
      "lemma": "tad",
      "grammar": "nominative masculine singular noun",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "सः"
    }
  ],
  "intertextual_panel": [
    {
      "verse": "18.9",
      "type": "lemma-family resonance",
      "score": 0.9277,
      "feature_breakdown": {
        "cosine": 0.8527,
        "theme_graph": 0.0,
        "vocative": 0.0,
        "substring": 0.0753,
        "lemma_overlap": 13.9843,
        "stem_prefix": 6.0
      }
    },
    {
      "verse": "6.1",
      "type": "cross-chapter thematic parallel",
      "score": 0.9196,
      "feature_breakdown": {
        "cosine": 0.8496,
        "theme_graph": 1.0,
        "vocative": 0.0,
        "substring": 0.0,
        "lemma_overlap": 10.4467,
        "stem_prefix": 6.0
      }
    },
    {
      "verse": "18.8",
      "type": "lemma-family resonance",
      "score": 0.9056,
      "feature_breakdown": {
        "cosine": 0.8456,
        "theme_graph": 0.0,
        "vocative": 0.0,
        "substring": 0.0,
        "lemma_overlap": 11.8872,
        "stem_prefix": 6.0
      }
    },
    {
      "verse": "18.6",
      "type": "lemma-family resonance",
      "score": 0.9052,
      "feature_breakdown": {
        "cosine": 0.8402,
        "theme_graph": 0.0,
        "vocative": 0.0,
        "substring": 0.0753,
        "lemma_overlap": 13.2774,
        "stem_prefix": 5.0
      }
    },
    {
      "verse": "5.12",
      "type": "lemma-family resonance",
      "score": 0.9045,
      "feature_breakdown": {
        "cosine": 0.8494,
        "theme_graph": 0.0,
        "vocative": 0.0,
        "substring": 0.0753,
        "lemma_overlap": 10.9174,
        "stem_prefix": 4.0
      }
    },
    {
      "verse": "5.10",
      "type": "lemma-family resonance",
      "score": 0.9026,
      "feature_breakdown": {
        "cosine": 0.8345,
        "theme_graph": 0.0,
        "vocative": 0.0,
        "substring": 0.0903,
        "lemma_overlap": 10.4001,
        "stem_prefix": 5.0
      }
    },
    {
      "verse": "18.11",
      "type": "lemma-family resonance",
      "score": 0.9011,
      "feature_breakdown": {
        "cosine": 0.8421,
        "theme_graph": 0.0,
        "vocative": 0.0,
        "substring": 0.0452,
        "lemma_overlap": 8.4852,
        "stem_prefix": 5.0
      }
    },
    {
      "verse": "3.5",
      "type": "lemma-family resonance",
      "score": 0.8992,
      "feature_breakdown": {
        "cosine": 0.8492,
        "theme_graph": 0.0,
        "vocative": 0.0,
        "substring": 0.0,
        "lemma_overlap": 10.5337,
        "stem_prefix": 5.0
      }
    }
  ],
  "doctrinal_projections": {
    "advaita": {
      "reading_summary": "(reading summary extraction pending; ENABLE_READING_SUMMARIES=true to generate)",
      "key_cross_references": [],
      "witness_passages": [
        "shankara_4.20",
        "anandgiri_4.20"
      ],
      "score": 0.5,
      "english_rendering": "Having abandoned ego-ownership of action and attachment to its fruits through right knowledge, the sage is eternally content — desiring no object whatsoever — and wholly without resort to visible or invisible results as props for self-fulfillment. Though outwardly engaged in action for the sake of world-maintenance (lokasaṃgraha) or to avoid reproof by the disciplined, he performs, in ultimate truth (paramārthataḥ), nothing at all, because his vision is established in the actionless Self (niṣkriyātmadarśana). The wise man's acts are karma in appearance only; inwardly they are already non-action.",
      "divergence_note": "Śaṅkara's bhāṣya: 'viduṣā kriyamāṇaṃ karma paramārthato'karma eva tasya niṣkriyātmadarśanasaṃpannatvāt' — action performed by the knower is, in ultimate reality, non-action, because he has attained vision of the actionless Self."
    },
    "viśiṣṭādvaita": {
      "reading_summary": "(reading summary extraction pending; ENABLE_READING_SUMMARIES=true to generate)",
      "key_cross_references": [],
      "witness_passages": [
        "ramanuja_4.20",
        "vedantadeshika_4.20"
      ],
      "score": 0.5,
      "english_rendering": "One who acts while free from clinging to fruit remains content in the eternal ātman alone — not in unstable matter — and holds no reliance-sense (āśrayabuddhi) toward the impermanent world. Engaged in action outwardly, he is in reality practicing jñāna (knowledge-cultivation), not mere karma; the action is transparent to its deeper form as insight-discipline. Rāmānuja insists: karma done in this mode takes the shape of jñāna itself — the act becomes the purification of the knower's mode of being.",
      "divergence_note": "Rāmānuja's bhāṣya: 'karmāpadeshena jñānābhyāsam eva karoti' — under the name of action he is performing only the practice of knowledge."
    },
    "dvaita": {
      "reading_summary": "(reading summary extraction pending; ENABLE_READING_SUMMARIES=true to generate)",
      "key_cross_references": [],
      "witness_passages": [
        "madhva_4.20",
        "jayatirtha_4.20"
      ],
      "score": 0.5,
      "english_rendering": "Abandoning attachment and affection (sneha) toward results, the devotee recognizes through this verse the knowledge-nature (jñānasvarūpa) being described: 'I am of the same form as the eternally-content, resortless Lord (nityatṛpta-nirāśraya-Īśvara).' Action shed of desire does not bind because the jīva in its distinct, dependent nature acts in transparent worship of Hari — the knowledge of that dependence is itself liberation-in-act. Madhva's terse gloss refuses to conflate agent and Lord; the knower acts as a distinct entity whose self-likening to Īśvara's attributes is devotional, not identity.",
      "divergence_note": "Madhva's bhāṣya: 'nityatṛpta-nirāśraya-Īśvara-sarūpo'smīti tathāvidhaḥ' — he is such a one who [recognizes]: 'I am of the form of the eternally-content, resortless Īśvara.'"
    },
    "śuddhādvaita": {
      "reading_summary": "(reading summary extraction pending; ENABLE_READING_SUMMARIES=true to generate)",
      "key_cross_references": [],
      "witness_passages": [
        "vallabha_4.20"
      ],
      "score": 0.5,
      "english_rendering": "Bhagavān Himself unpacks verse 4.18 through four successive verses: this is the second movement. Having discarded prākṛta (natural/worldly) fruit such as heaven, and prākṛta clinging — i.e. the insistence that 'I am the doer' — the devotee perceives all things as they truly are (yathābhūtatayā) and acts in the ritual sphere (yajña, etc.) yet does nothing at all. He is saturated with nitya-ānanda (eternal delight), free of every prākṛta support, because each object is seen as suffused with Brahman. The actor-who-is-not-actor mirrors Brahmā performing cosmic function: action as pure līlā (divine play), neither earned nor earned-for.",
      "divergence_note": "Vallabha's bhāṣya: 'nityānandena tṛptaḥ prākṛtāśrayarahitaś ca tattadvastuni brahmabhāvanādi' — content in eternal bliss, free of prākṛta support, with Brahman-vision in each object."
    },
    "bhakti": {
      "reading_summary": "(reading summary extraction pending; ENABLE_READING_SUMMARIES=true to generate)",
      "key_cross_references": [],
      "witness_passages": [
        "sridhara_4.20"
      ],
      "score": 0.5,
      "english_rendering": "Having abandoned attachment to action and to its fruit, content in one's own eternal delight (nitya-nijānanda), and therefore without anyone or anything to seek as support for welfare (yoga-kṣema) — such a person, though thoroughly engaged (abhitaḥ pravṛtta) in natural and prescribed action, does not in fact do even a little. The action reverts to non-action (karmākarmatām āpadyate): its binding power is cancelled, not by inactivity, but by the quality of being rooted in self-sufficiency. Śrīdhara's voice is clean and balanced: no school-polemics, just the mechanics of freedom-in-motion.",
      "divergence_note": "Śrīdhara's bhāṣya: 'tasya karmākarmatām āpadyata ityarthaḥ' — his action arrives at the condition of non-action."
    },
    "advaita-bhakti": {
      "reading_summary": "(reading summary extraction pending; ENABLE_READING_SUMMARIES=true to generate)",
      "key_cross_references": [],
      "witness_passages": [
        "madhusudan_4.20"
      ],
      "score": 0.5,
      "english_rendering": "Jñāna-fire burns prior unmanifest karmas and prevents future ones; but what of present action, which belongs to neither? Madhusūdana addresses this objection directly: one who abandons doership-ego (kartṛtva-abhimāna) and desire-for-enjoyment through correct non-dual vision is eternally content in the form of supreme bliss (paramānanda-svarūpa-lābha), utterly without dependence on body or senses. Such a jīvanmukta (living-liberated one) may be fully engaged in Vedic or worldly action by the force of prārabdha-karma as seen from outside; from his own vantage he does nothing at all — activity is cancelled by vision of the actionless Self, not by withdrawal from the world.",
      "divergence_note": "Madhusūdana's bhāṣya: 'jīvanmukto vyutthānadaśāyāṃ karmaṇi... abhipravṛtto'pi svadṛṣṭyā naiva kiñcit karoti saḥ — the living-liberate, engaged in action during the post-samādhi (vyutthāna) state, from his own seeing does not act at all."
    }
  },
  "prosodic_information": {
    "meter": "anuṣṭubh",
    "meter_shift_from_previous": false,
    "meter_shift_to_next": true,
    "pragmatic_context": {
      "vocative": "",
      "preceding_question": "",
      "following_response": ""
    }
  },
  "theme_list_memberships": [
    {
      "list": "नित्य",
      "role": "supporting",
      "other_verses_in_list": [
        "1.1",
        "2.12",
        "2.14",
        "2.18",
        "2.20",
        "2.21",
        "2.24",
        "2.26",
        "2.30",
        "2.45",
        "3.15",
        "3.31",
        "3.39",
        "4.8",
        "5.3",
        "7.17",
        "8.14",
        "9.6",
        "9.14",
        "9.22",
        "9.33",
        "10.9",
        "11.52",
        "12.2",
        "13.9",
        "13.11",
        "15.5",
        "18.52"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "audit_trail": {
    "substrate_version": "v2.6-frozen",
    "fitted_weights": {
      "a": 1.0,
      "b": 0.01,
      "e_v": 0.005,
      "z": 0.2,
      "h": 0.0,
      "th": 0.01
    },
    "corpus_provenance": {
      "mūla": "Belvalkar critical edition (BORI 1947), via Ambuda multi-witness",
      "panel_witnesses": [
        "bg-mula",
        "bg-shankara",
        "bg-ramanuja",
        "bg-madhva",
        "bg-vedantadeshika",
        "bg-vallabha",
        "bg-jayatirtha",
        "bg-anandgiri",
        "bg-sridhara",
        "bg-madhusudan"
      ]
    },
    "extraction_date": "2026-04-21",
    "score_methodology_documented_at": "Paper 1, Section II.B",
    "word_by_word_parser": "ByT5-Sanskrit-multitask (Nehrdich/Hellwig/Keutzer EMNLP 2024)",
    "post_generation_repairs": [
      {
        "date": "2026-05-03",
        "fix": "verb-lemma-misidentification (broader heuristic: prefix-√root canonical for all verb-tagged tokens)",
        "scope": "word_by_word[].lemma",
        "loci": [
          "tṛptaḥ: tṛp -> √tṛp",
          "abhipravṛttaḥ: abhipravṛt -> abhi-√pravṛt"
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "so_what_questions": [
    "If the doer acts but is not the doer, what exactly bears moral responsibility — the body, the prārabdha, or the witnessing awareness? How do the six schools distribute blame and credit?",
    "Śaṅkara permits continued action only for lokasaṃgraha (world-maintenance); Rāmānuja says that very action IS jñāna-practice. Are these two descriptions of the same event or genuinely different claims about what is happening?",
    "Madhva insists the jīva remains eternally distinct even while mirroring Īśvara's attributes (nityatṛpta, nirāśraya). Does 'acting-as-if-Īśvara' collapse into identity in practice, or does Dvaita have a stable account?",
    "The phrase 'naivaṃ kiñcit karoti' (does nothing at all) appears across all six readings yet means something different in each. Map the six senses: ontological non-doing, epistemological non-doing, karmic non-binding, devotional transparency, prākṛta-nullification, prārabdha-exhaustion.",
    "Vallabha locates the verse within Bhagavān's four-verse self-commentary on 4.18. Does this intertextual framing (BG 4.18 → 4.19 → 4.20 → 4.21) change how each school reads the verse's claim?",
    "Madhusūdana's jīvanmukta acts under prārabdha from outside, does nothing from inside. Is this a stable, coherent account or does it introduce a split-perspective paradox that undermines the teaching?",
    "Śrīdhara uses 'yoga-kṣema' (welfare-securing) as the thing the liberated agent no longer needs. The Gītā uses the same term in 9.22 for what Kṛṣṇa provides to his devotees. Does the resonance imply that Kṛṣṇa becomes the true agent when the devotee abandons the search for āśraya?"
  ],
  "everyday_applications": {
    "advaita": "Before beginning a work project, pause and ask: 'Which part of me needs a particular outcome — and is that part the Self?' Complete the task with full competence; when finished, release the result entirely as not yours. The doing was never the Self's doing; only the ego claimed it. Over time, the gap between effort and grasping widens into natural non-attachment — not passivity, but freedom from the result's power over your sense of worth.",
    "viśiṣṭādvaita": "Treat every repeated professional skill — a teacher grading papers, a nurse changing a dressing — as a practice of attention to the ātman rather than a transaction for salary or praise. Rāmānuja's key: contentment in the eternal self (nityātmatṛpti) makes every act an exercise in jñāna even when it looks like routine labor. Anchor satisfaction in what you are, not in the approval the act earns.",
    "dvaita": "In any moment of skill or success, explicitly name Hari as the independent locus of those qualities: 'The contentment and self-sufficiency I feel right now are His attributes, not my achievements.' This is not false humility — Madhva's point is ontological: the jīva genuinely does not own those qualities. Speaking it aloud re-anchors the devotee in correct metaphysics and prevents the karmic accumulation that ownership-thinking creates.",
    "śuddhādvaita": "Offer each action as prasāda-returned: receive the capacity to act as Kṛṣṇa's gift (puṣṭi), perform it in the spirit of nitya-ānanda, then return the fruit to Him without craving for natural (prākṛta) reward. Vallabha's framing makes even ordinary household ritual — cooking, cleaning, earning — a site of līlā-participation when the prākṛta ego-claim is removed. The test: does the act feel like play or like a demand?",
    "bhakti": "Cultivate self-sufficiency (nitya-nijānanda) through daily contemplative practice so that you enter professional and relational life without a hidden need to extract security from outcomes. Śrīdhara's nirāśraya — having no one to lean on for welfare — is not stoicism but rootedness in inner sufficiency. Practically: identify the one relationship or role you are currently using as your primary āśraya for security, and begin resting that weight back on your own center.",
    "advaita-bhakti": "When prārabdha karma forces you into circumstances you did not choose — an illness, a role, a difficult relationship — Madhusūdana's jīvanmukta model offers a two-level reading: at the level others see, you show up and act with full engagement; at the level you know yourself, there is no anxiety about the arc of the situation because you are not the one it is happening to. Cultivating this double-vision is the everyday practice: act with complete presence, hold identity lightly."
  },
  "primary_meaning": "Freed from clinging to results, content in himself, needing nothing, he moves fully through action yet does nothing at all."
}