{
  "verse_id": "4.10",
  "mūla": {
    "devanāgarī": "वीत-राग-भय-क्रोधा मन्-मया माम् उपाश्रिताः | बहवो ज्ञान-तपसा पूता मद्-भावम् आगताः",
    "iast": "vīta-rāga-bhaya-krodhā man-mayā mām upāśritāḥ | bahavo jñāna-tapasā pūtā mad-bhāvam āgatāḥ",
    "chapter_position": "Chapter 4 (Jñāna-Karma-Sannyāsa-Yoga (The Yoga of Renunciation of Action in Knowledge)), verse 10",
    "speaker": "Krishna",
    "addressed_to": "Arjuna"
  },
  "word_by_word": [
    {
      "surface_form": "vīta",
      "lemma": "√vī",
      "grammar": "compound participle (compound member)",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "वीत"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "rāga",
      "lemma": "rāga",
      "grammar": "compound (compound member)",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "राग"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "bhaya",
      "lemma": "bhaya",
      "grammar": "compound (compound member)",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "भय"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "krodhāḥ",
      "lemma": "krodha",
      "grammar": "nominative masculine plural noun",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "क्रोधाः"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "mad",
      "lemma": "mad",
      "grammar": "compound (compound member)",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "मद्"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "mayāḥ",
      "lemma": "maya",
      "grammar": "nominative masculine plural noun",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "मयाः"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "mām",
      "lemma": "mad",
      "grammar": "accusative singular noun",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "माम्"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "upāśritāḥ",
      "lemma": "√upāśri",
      "grammar": "nominative masculine plural participle noun",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [
        {
          "sense": "केवलज्ञाननिष्ठा इत्यर्थः",
          "school": "advaita",
          "weight": 0.8,
          "witnesses": [
            "shankara"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "उपाश्रिताः"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "bahavaḥ",
      "lemma": "bahu",
      "grammar": "nominative masculine plural noun",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "बहवः"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "jñāna",
      "lemma": "jñāna",
      "grammar": "compound (compound member)",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "ज्ञान"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "tapasā",
      "lemma": "tapas",
      "grammar": "instrumental neuter singular noun",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [
        {
          "sense": "पूता बहव एवं संवृत्ताः",
          "school": "viśiṣṭādvaita",
          "weight": 0.8,
          "witnesses": [
            "ramanuja"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "तपसा"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "pūtāḥ",
      "lemma": "√pū",
      "grammar": "nominative masculine plural participle noun",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "पूताः"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "mad",
      "lemma": "mad",
      "grammar": "compound (compound member)",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "मद्"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "bhāvam",
      "lemma": "bhāva",
      "grammar": "accusative masculine singular noun",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "भावम्"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "āgatāḥ",
      "lemma": "√āgam",
      "grammar": "nominative masculine plural participle noun",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [
        {
          "sense": "समनुप्राप्ताः",
          "school": "advaita",
          "weight": 0.8,
          "witnesses": [
            "shankara"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "आगताः"
    }
  ],
  "intertextual_panel": [
    {
      "verse": "2.56",
      "type": "cross-chapter thematic parallel",
      "score": 0.8844,
      "feature_breakdown": {
        "cosine": 0.8456,
        "theme_graph": 1.0,
        "vocative": 0.0,
        "substring": 0.1436,
        "lemma_overlap": 0.0,
        "stem_prefix": 0.0
      }
    },
    {
      "verse": "16.4",
      "type": "long-distance thematic echo",
      "score": 0.8704,
      "feature_breakdown": {
        "cosine": 0.8504,
        "theme_graph": 2.0,
        "vocative": 0.0,
        "substring": 0.0,
        "lemma_overlap": 0.0,
        "stem_prefix": 0.0
      }
    },
    {
      "verse": "9.15",
      "type": "cross-chapter thematic parallel",
      "score": 0.8677,
      "feature_breakdown": {
        "cosine": 0.8577,
        "theme_graph": 1.0,
        "vocative": 0.0,
        "substring": 0.0,
        "lemma_overlap": 0.0,
        "stem_prefix": 0.0
      }
    },
    {
      "verse": "7.19",
      "type": "cross-chapter thematic parallel",
      "score": 0.8675,
      "feature_breakdown": {
        "cosine": 0.8575,
        "theme_graph": 1.0,
        "vocative": 0.0,
        "substring": 0.0,
        "lemma_overlap": 0.0,
        "stem_prefix": 0.0
      }
    },
    {
      "verse": "7.16",
      "type": "cross-chapter thematic parallel",
      "score": 0.867,
      "feature_breakdown": {
        "cosine": 0.857,
        "theme_graph": 1.0,
        "vocative": 0.0,
        "substring": 0.0,
        "lemma_overlap": 0.0,
        "stem_prefix": 0.0
      }
    },
    {
      "verse": "16.18",
      "type": "long-distance thematic echo",
      "score": 0.8663,
      "feature_breakdown": {
        "cosine": 0.8563,
        "theme_graph": 1.0,
        "vocative": 0.0,
        "substring": 0.0,
        "lemma_overlap": 0.0,
        "stem_prefix": 0.0
      }
    },
    {
      "verse": "3.37",
      "type": "cross-chapter thematic parallel",
      "score": 0.866,
      "feature_breakdown": {
        "cosine": 0.846,
        "theme_graph": 2.0,
        "vocative": 0.0,
        "substring": 0.0,
        "lemma_overlap": 0.0,
        "stem_prefix": 0.0
      }
    },
    {
      "verse": "4.33",
      "type": "cross-chapter thematic parallel",
      "score": 0.8649,
      "feature_breakdown": {
        "cosine": 0.8549,
        "theme_graph": 1.0,
        "vocative": 0.0,
        "substring": 0.0,
        "lemma_overlap": 0.0,
        "stem_prefix": 0.0
      }
    }
  ],
  "doctrinal_projections": {
    "advaita": {
      "reading_summary": "(reading summary extraction pending; ENABLE_READING_SUMMARIES=true to generate)",
      "key_cross_references": [],
      "witness_passages": [
        "shankara_4.10",
        "anandgiri_4.10"
      ],
      "score": 0.5,
      "english_rendering": "Those from whom rāga (attachment), bhaya (fear), and krodha (anger) have entirely departed — not suppressed but dissolved through viveka (discernment) — are called man-mayāḥ (of-My-very-substance), meaning they perceive no distinction between the ātman (self) and Īśvara (the Lord). Śaṅkara specifies that upāśritāḥ (having taken refuge) here means kevala-jñāna-niṣṭhā (exclusive abidance in knowledge alone), making devotional refuge subordinate to gnosis. Purified by jñāna-tapas (the austerity that is knowledge itself), not by ritual or bodily mortification, they attained mad-bhāvam — the state of Īśvara, liberation itself — proving this path is ancient, not Kṛṣṇa's invention."
    },
    "viśiṣṭādvaita": {
      "reading_summary": "(reading summary extraction pending; ENABLE_READING_SUMMARIES=true to generate)",
      "key_cross_references": [],
      "witness_passages": [
        "ramanuja_4.10",
        "vedantadeshika_4.10"
      ],
      "score": 0.5,
      "english_rendering": "Rāmānuja reads man-mayāḥ not as identity but as being thoroughly saturated with Bhagavān as the inner controller — the soul as śeṣa (dependent) to Kṛṣṇa as śeṣin (sovereign). The jñāna-tapas here is specifically the knowledge of Bhagavān's divine birth and action (janma-karma-tattva-jñāna), which the Śruti confirms: 'only the dhīrāḥ (wise) truly know His mode of birth.' Purified by this understanding and sheltered under Bhagavān's universal protection — extended through every avatāra to all who seek — they attained mad-bhāvam as the culminating state of bhakti-yoga's ripening."
    },
    "dvaita": {
      "reading_summary": "(reading summary extraction pending; ENABLE_READING_SUMMARIES=true to generate)",
      "key_cross_references": [],
      "witness_passages": [
        "madhva_4.10",
        "jayatirtha_4.10"
      ],
      "score": 0.5,
      "english_rendering": "For Madhva, man-mayāḥ carries a precise non-identity meaning: mat-pracurāḥ — suffused with Me, seeing nothing anywhere without Me present, yet never becoming Me. The liberated ones named here (muktāḥ) attained liberation while remaining eternally distinct jīvas (souls), their freedom consisting in unobstructed perception of Hari pervading all. Rāga (desire), bhaya (fear), and krodha (anger) are the cardinal obstructions to this perception; their removal is not self-achievement but Hari's grace enabling dependent worship."
    },
    "śuddhādvaita": {
      "reading_summary": "(reading summary extraction pending; ENABLE_READING_SUMMARIES=true to generate)",
      "key_cross_references": [],
      "witness_passages": [
        "vallabha_4.10"
      ],
      "score": 0.5,
      "english_rendering": "Vallabha's bhāṣya radically expands who counts: even the gopīs, Kaṃsa, and Śiśupāla — those apparently overpowered by rāga (desire), bhaya (fear), and krodha (anger) — are included among those who attained mad-bhāvam, because in Puṣṭi-mārga the very intensity of the emotional state becomes the channel for Kṛṣṇa's prasāda (grace). Jñāna-tapas functions here via the kīṭa-bhṛṅga-nyāya (the wasp-and-caterpillar principle): total absorption in Kṛṣṇa's svarūpa (essential form) through any bhāva (disposition), however apparently negative, transforms the bhakta into Kṛṣṇa's own form. Mad-bhāvam is arrival at the divine body (bhāgavatī tanu), not merely release."
    },
    "bhakti": {
      "reading_summary": "(reading summary extraction pending; ENABLE_READING_SUMMARIES=true to generate)",
      "key_cross_references": [],
      "witness_passages": [
        "sridhara_4.10"
      ],
      "score": 0.5,
      "english_rendering": "Śrīdhara frames the verse as answering how birth-and-action knowledge yields attainment: knowing Bhagavān's supreme compassion (parama-kāruṇikatva) expressed through śuddha-sattva avatāras (incarnations of pure existence) dissolves the three obstacles — rāga (the pull toward objects), bhaya (fear of abandoning all objects for jñāna-mārga), and krodha (resentment that the jñāna path seems hostile to life). Man-mayāḥ means mad-eka-cittāḥ — those whose mind is exclusively single-pointed on Me. The jñāna-tapas is a dvandva-ekavat (a compound in which two items function as one), meaning both the self-knowledge and the prescribed svadharma (one's own duty) as its ripening condition together constitute the purifying austerity."
    },
    "advaita-bhakti": {
      "reading_summary": "(reading summary extraction pending; ENABLE_READING_SUMMARIES=true to generate)",
      "key_cross_references": [],
      "witness_passages": [
        "madhusudan_4.10"
      ],
      "score": 0.5,
      "english_rendering": "Madhusūdana's synthesis is the most psychologically precise: bhaya here is not general fear but specifically the anxiety of the renunciant — 'how can I survive if I abandon all objects for jñāna-mārga?' — and krodha is the resentment that the path of knowledge seems hostile to human flourishing. These are the three interior obstructions that viveka (discernment) dissolves. Man-mayāḥ then has a dual resolution: either direct realization of identity with Paramātman (the tat-tvam-asi move), or ekānta-prema-bhakti (exclusive-love devotion) to Kṛṣṇa as Īśvara — both paths converging at mad-bhāvam. He notes a further possibility: 'jñāna-tapasā pūtāḥ jīvan-muktāḥ' — those liberated while living may attain mad-bhāvam as a rasa (the affective state of love for Kṛṣṇa), not merely as videha-mukti (bodiless liberation)."
    }
  },
  "prosodic_information": {
    "meter": "anuṣṭubh",
    "meter_shift_from_previous": false,
    "meter_shift_to_next": false,
    "pragmatic_context": {
      "vocative": "",
      "preceding_question": "",
      "following_response": ""
    }
  },
  "theme_list_memberships": [
    {
      "list": "कामात्मानः",
      "role": "supporting",
      "other_verses_in_list": [
        "2.42",
        "2.43"
      ]
    },
    {
      "list": "क्रोध",
      "role": "supporting",
      "other_verses_in_list": [
        "1.34",
        "1.35",
        "2.56",
        "2.62",
        "2.63",
        "3.37",
        "3.40",
        "5.23",
        "5.26",
        "5.28",
        "16.2",
        "16.4",
        "16.12",
        "16.18",
        "16.21",
        "18.53"
      ]
    },
    {
      "list": "ज्ञान",
      "role": "supporting",
      "other_verses_in_list": [
        "1.1",
        "3.1",
        "3.2",
        "3.3",
        "3.26",
        "3.32",
        "3.33",
        "3.39",
        "3.40",
        "3.41",
        "4.6",
        "4.19",
        "4.21",
        "4.23",
        "4.27",
        "4.28",
        "4.33",
        "4.34",
        "4.36",
        "4.37",
        "4.38",
        "4.39",
        "4.41",
        "4.42",
        "5.15",
        "5.16",
        "5.17",
        "6.8",
        "6.46",
        "7.2",
        "7.6",
        "7.15",
        "7.16",
        "7.17",
        "7.18",
        "7.19",
        "7.20",
        "9.1",
        "9.12",
        "9.15",
        "9.24",
        "10.4",
        "10.5",
        "10.11",
        "10.25",
        "10.38",
        "12.12",
        "12.13",
        "12.14",
        "13.2",
        "13.11",
        "13.17",
        "13.18",
        "13.35",
        "14.1",
        "14.2",
        "14.6",
        "14.8",
        "14.9",
        "14.11",
        "14.16",
        "14.17",
        "15.10",
        "15.15",
        "16.1",
        "16.4",
        "16.15",
        "18.18",
        "18.19",
        "18.20",
        "18.21",
        "18.42",
        "18.50",
        "18.63",
        "18.70",
        "18.72"
      ]
    },
    {
      "list": "वीतरागभयक्रोधाः",
      "role": "supporting",
      "other_verses_in_list": [
        "3.37"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "audit_trail": {
    "substrate_version": "v2.6-frozen",
    "fitted_weights": {
      "a": 1.0,
      "b": 0.01,
      "e_v": 0.005,
      "z": 0.2,
      "h": 0.0,
      "th": 0.01
    },
    "corpus_provenance": {
      "mūla": "Belvalkar critical edition (BORI 1947), via Ambuda multi-witness",
      "panel_witnesses": [
        "bg-mula",
        "bg-shankara",
        "bg-ramanuja",
        "bg-madhva",
        "bg-vedantadeshika",
        "bg-vallabha",
        "bg-jayatirtha",
        "bg-anandgiri",
        "bg-sridhara",
        "bg-madhusudan"
      ]
    },
    "extraction_date": "2026-04-21",
    "score_methodology_documented_at": "Paper 1, Section II.B",
    "word_by_word_parser": "ByT5-Sanskrit-multitask (Nehrdich/Hellwig/Keutzer EMNLP 2024)",
    "post_generation_repairs": [
      {
        "date": "2026-05-03",
        "fix": "verb-lemma-misidentification (broader heuristic: prefix-√root canonical for all verb-tagged tokens)",
        "scope": "word_by_word[].lemma",
        "loci": [
          "vīta: vī -> √vī",
          "upāśritāḥ: upāśri -> √upāśri",
          "pūtāḥ: pū -> √pū",
          "āgatāḥ: āgam -> √āgam"
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "so_what_questions": [
    "Śaṅkara says jñāna-tapas alone suffices and makes all other tapas irrelevant — does this mean a scholar without devotion is closer to liberation than a devotee without learning?",
    "Vallabha includes Kaṃsa and Śiśupāla among those who attained mad-bhāvam: if even those in hostile bhāva (dispositional states) toward Kṛṣṇa attained it, what distinguishes this from saying all beings are already liberated?",
    "Madhva insists man-mayāḥ means 'suffused with Me, seeing nothing without Me' — not identity. How does one practically distinguish the Dvaitin's 'seeing Hari everywhere' from the Advaitin's 'seeing only Brahman everywhere'?",
    "All six schools treat rāga-bhaya-krodha (desire-fear-anger) as obstructions, yet Vallabha says intense rāga toward Kṛṣṇa is itself the path. Where is the line between liberating and entrapping emotional intensity?",
    "Madhusūdana identifies bhaya specifically as the renunciant's anxiety about survival on jñāna-mārga — is this fear an obstacle to be overcome or is it a legitimate signal that the path needs reconfiguration?",
    "Rāmānuja anchors jñāna-tapas in knowledge of Bhagavān's divine birth (janma-karma-tattva) — a doctrinal content, not just a practice quality. Does this mean the uninstructed meditator who knows no theology cannot be purified by jñāna-tapas?",
    "Kṛṣṇa's claim that 'many have attained mad-bhāvam' in the past grounds this as a verified path, not a promise — what is the epistemological weight of this historical claim for each school, and does it require a lineage of realized teachers to be credible?"
  ],
  "everyday_applications": {
    "advaita": "When irritation arises toward a colleague, examine whether the trigger is an implied threat to your self-concept (ahaṃkāra). Śaṅkara's model predicts that each such examination — not suppression, but clear seeing — is jñāna-tapas in real time, incrementally dissolving the rāga-bhaya-krodha cluster. You do not need a meditation retreat; the clarity you bring to the next difficult conversation is the austerity.",
    "viśiṣṭādvaita": "Rāmānuja's verse turns on recognition of Bhagavān's parama-kāruṇikatva (supreme compassion). Practically: when you feel unsupported or abandoned, recall that this compassion was active through every avatāra — it is not withheld from you now. This recognition is the janma-karma-tattva-jñāna that begins to dissolve fear. Begin each day by naming one specific way this care has operated in your life.",
    "dvaita": "Madhva's man-mayāḥ — seeing nothing anywhere without Hari — is a perceptual discipline, not a metaphysical claim. Practice: when you encounter any person or situation that triggers krodha (anger), pause and ask 'where is Hari in this?' This is not naive reframing; it is training the perceptual system to track the prasāda (grace) operating through what appears as obstruction.",
    "śuddhādvaita": "Vallabha's inclusion of the gopīs and even Kaṃsa dissolves the requirement for 'clean' emotion. If your dominant engagement with a creative project, a relationship, or your work is intense — even anxious, even obsessive — Puṣṭi-mārga says: do not sanitize it, deepen it. Pour that intensity toward Kṛṣṇa's svarūpa in whatever form you find compelling, and the kīṭa-bhṛṅga-nyāya (wasp-and-caterpillar transformation) will do the rest.",
    "bhakti": "Śrīdhara's dvandva-ekavat (two-as-one) framing of jñāna and svadharma as a single austerity is directly actionable: do not separate your spiritual practice from your professional responsibility. The svadharma you perform with mad-eka-citta (single-pointed mind on Bhagavān) is itself the tapas that matures self-knowledge. There is no 'spiritual life' separated from the particular calling you are already in.",
    "advaita-bhakti": "Madhusūdana names the renunciant's existential anxiety precisely: 'if I abandon all objects for jñāna, how will I live?' This is a real fear, not a spiritual failure. His synthesis says: take shelter through ekānta-prema (exclusive love) — the bhakti path does not require you to resolve the survival anxiety first. The love itself reorganizes the emotional field. Begin with whatever bhāva (affective disposition) is most alive in you toward Kṛṣṇa, even if it coexists with fear."
  },
  "primary_meaning": "Free of attachment, fear, and anger, absorbed in Me and taking shelter in Me, many have been purified by the austerity of knowledge and reached My state."
}