{
  "verse_id": "3.28",
  "mūla": {
    "devanāgarī": "तत्त्ववित् तु महाबाहो गुण-कर्म-विभागयोः | गुणा गुणेषु वर्तन्त इति मत्वा न सज्जते",
    "iast": "tattvavit tu mahābāho guṇa-karma-vibhāgayoḥ | guṇā guṇeṣu vartanta iti matvā na sajjate",
    "chapter_position": "Chapter 3 (Karma-Yoga (The Yoga of Action)), verse 28",
    "speaker": "Krishna",
    "addressed_to": "Arjuna"
  },
  "word_by_word": [
    {
      "surface_form": "tattva",
      "lemma": "tattva",
      "grammar": "compound (compound member)",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "तत्त्व"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "vid",
      "lemma": "vid",
      "grammar": "nominative masculine singular noun",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "विद्"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "tu",
      "lemma": "tu",
      "grammar": "",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "तु"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "mahā",
      "lemma": "mahat",
      "grammar": "compound (compound member)",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "महा"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "bāho",
      "lemma": "bāhu",
      "grammar": "vocative masculine singular noun",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "बाहो"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "guṇa",
      "lemma": "guṇa",
      "grammar": "compound (compound member)",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "गुण"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "karma",
      "lemma": "karman",
      "grammar": "compound (compound member)",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [
        {
          "sense": "कुर्वतोर्विद्वदविदुषोर्विशेषं स्पष्टं सन्दर्शयति प्रकृतेरिति द्वाभ्याम्",
          "school": "śuddhādvaita",
          "weight": 0.8,
          "witnesses": [
            "vallabha"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "कर्म"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "vibhāgayoḥ",
      "lemma": "vibhāga",
      "grammar": "genitive masculine dual noun",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "विभागयोः"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "guṇāḥ",
      "lemma": "guṇa",
      "grammar": "nominative masculine plural noun",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "गुणाः"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "guṇeṣu",
      "lemma": "guṇa",
      "grammar": "locative masculine plural noun",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [
        {
          "sense": "विषयात्मकेषु वर्तन्ते न आत्मा इति मत्वा न सज्जते सक्तिं न करोति",
          "school": "advaita",
          "weight": 0.8,
          "witnesses": [
            "shankara",
            "anandgiri"
          ]
        },
        {
          "sense": "विषयेषु",
          "school": "dvaita",
          "weight": 0.8,
          "witnesses": [
            "madhva"
          ]
        },
        {
          "sense": "विषयेषु वर्तन्ते नाहमिति मत्वा",
          "school": "bhakti",
          "weight": 0.8,
          "witnesses": [
            "sridhara"
          ]
        },
        {
          "sense": "विषयेषु प्रवर्तन्ते विकारित्वान्नतु निर्विकार आत्मेति मत्वा न सज्जते सक्तिं कर्तृत्वाभिनिवेशमतत्त्वविदिव न करोति",
          "school": "advaita-bhakti",
          "weight": 0.8,
          "witnesses": [
            "madhusudan"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "गुणेषु"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "vartante",
      "lemma": "√vṛt",
      "grammar": "present indicative 3rd person plural verb",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "वर्तन्ते"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "iti",
      "lemma": "iti",
      "grammar": "",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "इति"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "matvā",
      "lemma": "man",
      "grammar": "conv",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [
        {
          "sense": "न सज्जते सक्तिं न करोति",
          "school": "advaita",
          "weight": 0.8,
          "witnesses": [
            "shankara"
          ]
        },
        {
          "sense": "गुणकर्मसु अहं कर्ता इति न सज्जते",
          "school": "viśiṣṭādvaita",
          "weight": 0.8,
          "witnesses": [
            "ramanuja"
          ]
        },
        {
          "sense": "न सज्जते सक्तिं कर्तृत्वाभिनिवेशमतत्त्वविदिव न करोति",
          "school": "advaita-bhakti",
          "weight": 0.8,
          "witnesses": [
            "madhusudan"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "मत्वा"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "na",
      "lemma": "na",
      "grammar": "",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "न"
    },
    {
      "surface_form": "sajjate",
      "lemma": "√sañj",
      "grammar": "present indicative 3rd person singular verb",
      "senses_attested_in_panel": [
        {
          "sense": "सक्तिं न करोति",
          "school": "advaita",
          "weight": 0.8,
          "witnesses": [
            "shankara"
          ]
        },
        {
          "sense": "। इन्द्रियनिष्ठा गुणा विषयगुणेषु वर्तन्ते इति मननात्साङ्ख्ययोगयोरेक एवार्थः।",
          "school": "śuddhādvaita",
          "weight": 0.8,
          "witnesses": [
            "vallabha"
          ]
        },
        {
          "sense": "कर्तृत्वाभिनिवेशं न करोति",
          "school": "bhakti",
          "weight": 0.8,
          "witnesses": [
            "sridhara"
          ]
        },
        {
          "sense": "सक्तिं कर्तृत्वाभिनिवेशमतत्त्वविदिव न करोति",
          "school": "advaita-bhakti",
          "weight": 0.8,
          "witnesses": [
            "madhusudan"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "theme_lists": [],
      "surface_devanagari": "सज्जते"
    }
  ],
  "intertextual_panel": [
    {
      "verse": "3.27",
      "type": "next-verse continuation",
      "score": 0.9304,
      "feature_breakdown": {
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        "vocative": 0.0,
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        "lemma_overlap": 9.047,
        "stem_prefix": 4.0
      }
    },
    {
      "verse": "3.29",
      "type": "next-verse continuation",
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      "feature_breakdown": {
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        "theme_graph": 0.0,
        "vocative": 0.0,
        "substring": 0.0,
        "lemma_overlap": 14.1186,
        "stem_prefix": 6.0
      }
    },
    {
      "verse": "14.23",
      "type": "lemma-family resonance",
      "score": 0.889,
      "feature_breakdown": {
        "cosine": 0.849,
        "theme_graph": 0.0,
        "vocative": 0.0,
        "substring": 0.0,
        "lemma_overlap": 10.4704,
        "stem_prefix": 4.0
      }
    },
    {
      "verse": "3.5",
      "type": "cross-chapter thematic parallel",
      "score": 0.8867,
      "feature_breakdown": {
        "cosine": 0.8467,
        "theme_graph": 1.0,
        "vocative": 0.0,
        "substring": 0.0,
        "lemma_overlap": 6.9054,
        "stem_prefix": 3.0
      }
    },
    {
      "verse": "3.26",
      "type": "thematic-cluster continuation",
      "score": 0.886,
      "feature_breakdown": {
        "cosine": 0.836,
        "theme_graph": 2.0,
        "vocative": 0.0,
        "substring": 0.0,
        "lemma_overlap": 4.8035,
        "stem_prefix": 3.0
      }
    },
    {
      "verse": "5.8",
      "type": "cross-chapter thematic parallel",
      "score": 0.8857,
      "feature_breakdown": {
        "cosine": 0.8149,
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        "vocative": 0.0,
        "substring": 0.0538,
        "lemma_overlap": 3.6009,
        "stem_prefix": 3.0
      }
    },
    {
      "verse": "13.23",
      "type": "long-distance thematic echo",
      "score": 0.8831,
      "feature_breakdown": {
        "cosine": 0.8431,
        "theme_graph": 1.0,
        "vocative": 0.0,
        "substring": 0.0,
        "lemma_overlap": 9.1137,
        "stem_prefix": 3.0
      }
    },
    {
      "verse": "18.59",
      "type": "long-distance thematic echo",
      "score": 0.8829,
      "feature_breakdown": {
        "cosine": 0.8429,
        "theme_graph": 1.0,
        "vocative": 0.0,
        "substring": 0.0,
        "lemma_overlap": 4.9576,
        "stem_prefix": 3.0
      }
    }
  ],
  "doctrinal_projections": {
    "advaita": {
      "reading_summary": "(reading summary extraction pending; ENABLE_READING_SUMMARIES=true to generate)",
      "key_cross_references": [],
      "witness_passages": [
        "shankara_3.28",
        "anandgiri_3.28"
      ],
      "score": 0.5,
      "english_rendering": "The knower of truth — tattva-vit (तत्त्वविद्, knower of reality) — understands the precise division: guṇas (गुण, the sense-faculties as products of prakṛti) move among guṇas (their sense-objects), not the ātman. Śaṅkara insists karaṇātmakāḥ guṇāḥ — the instruments of action are guṇa-nature alone — while the Self remains utterly uninvolved (asaṅga). Therefore the wise one does not cling (na sajjate), never generating the false sense of doership that binds the ignorant.",
      "divergence_note": "Drawn from Śaṅkara's phrase 'guṇāḥ karaṇātmakāḥ guṇeṣu viṣayātmakeṣu vartante na ātmā — the ātman is not the agent."
    },
    "viśiṣṭādvaita": {
      "reading_summary": "(reading summary extraction pending; ENABLE_READING_SUMMARIES=true to generate)",
      "key_cross_references": [],
      "witness_passages": [
        "ramanuja_3.28",
        "vedantadeshika_3.28"
      ],
      "score": 0.5,
      "english_rendering": "The tattva-vit understands that sattva and the other guṇas, as modes of Bhagavān's body (prakṛti), operate within their own respective functions — sva-guṇeṣu sva-karmeṣu. Because the jīva, itself a mode of Īśvara, correctly sees 'I am not the independent kartā,' it does not grasp. Action performed from this understanding becomes niṣkāma-kainkarya (selfless service), the very ground of bhakti-yoga.",
      "divergence_note": "Anchored in Rāmānuja: 'sattva-ādayaḥ sva-guṇeṣu sva-karmeṣu vartante iti matvā ahaṃ kartā iti na sajjate.'"
    },
    "dvaita": {
      "reading_summary": "(reading summary extraction pending; ENABLE_READING_SUMMARIES=true to generate)",
      "key_cross_references": [],
      "witness_passages": [
        "madhva_3.28",
        "jayatirtha_3.28"
      ],
      "score": 0.5,
      "english_rendering": "Madhva reads guṇa here as indriyādi (the senses and their constituents) and their objects as viṣaya-guṇas — both eternally distinct from the jīva, who is itself permanently distinct from Hari. The tattva-vit grasps this precise distinction of karman-bheda and guṇa-bheda: actions belong to the instrument-nature Hari has deployed, never to the jīva as independent agent. Attachment would be a category error about who owns what in Hari's creation.",
      "divergence_note": "Directly from Madhva: 'karma-bhedasya guṇa-bhedasya ca tattva-vit; guṇā indriyādīni guṇeṣu viṣayeṣu.'"
    },
    "śuddhādvaita": {
      "reading_summary": "(reading summary extraction pending; ENABLE_READING_SUMMARIES=true to generate)",
      "key_cross_references": [],
      "witness_passages": [
        "vallabha_3.28"
      ],
      "score": 0.5,
      "english_rendering": "Vallabha situates 3.27–3.28 together to show the contrast between the ignorant and the wise actor. On the Puṣṭi reading, prakṛti itself is Kṛṣṇa's own śakti-vibhāga, and the guṇas carrying out actions are His līlā-instruments — prayojakam (the impeller) is always Puruṣottama. The wise one sees that indriya-guṇas move among viṣaya-guṇas like a lotus leaf on water — untouched at the root — and rests in that recognition as prasāda, not as personal detachment earned by will.",
      "divergence_note": "Vallabha: 'indriya-niṣṭhā guṇā viṣaya-guṇeṣu vartante iti mananāt' — contemplation of this as Śruti-grounded (citing BU 1.4.3 on the primal split)."
    },
    "bhakti": {
      "reading_summary": "(reading summary extraction pending; ENABLE_READING_SUMMARIES=true to generate)",
      "key_cross_references": [],
      "witness_passages": [
        "sridhara_3.28"
      ],
      "score": 0.5,
      "english_rendering": "Śrīdhara reads the verse as a two-fold viveka (discernment): 'I am not of the nature of guṇas' (guṇa-vibhāga) and 'actions are not mine' (karma-vibhāga). The tattva-vit is one who knows both separations together, and therefore does not produce the knot of kartṛtva-abhiniveśa (insistence on being the doer). The indriyāṇi (senses) engage viṣayas (objects) — that transaction belongs to the instrument-world, not to the witnessing ātman.",
      "divergence_note": "Śrīdhara: 'nāhaṃ guṇātmaka iti guṇebhya ātmano vibhāgaḥ; na me karmāṇīti karmabhyo'py ātmano vibhāgaḥ; kartṛtvābhiniveśaṃ na karoti.'"
    },
    "advaita-bhakti": {
      "reading_summary": "(reading summary extraction pending; ENABLE_READING_SUMMARIES=true to generate)",
      "key_cross_references": [],
      "witness_passages": [
        "madhusudan_3.28"
      ],
      "score": 0.5,
      "english_rendering": "Madhusūdana identifies viśeṣa (distinction): tattva is yāthātmya — things as they actually are — and viśeṣa lies in the compound guṇa-karma-vibhāga, where vibhāga means the ātman's self-luminous (svaprakāśa) standing apart from all mutable, inert (jaḍa) guṇas and their actions. The ātman is bhāsaka (illuminator), guṇas and karmas are bhāsya (illuminated); the wise do not confuse the lamp with what it lights. The address 'Mahābāho' signals that Arjuna's own saumudrika-lakṣaṇa (auspicious marks of a noble person) make this confusion unworthy of him.",
      "divergence_note": "Madhusūdana: 'bhāsya-bhāsakayoḥ jaḍa-caitanyayoḥ vikāri-nirvikārayos tattvaṃ yo vetti sa na sajjate — does not produce the kartṛtva-abhiniveśa that the tattva-ignorant do.'"
    }
  },
  "prosodic_information": {
    "meter": "anuṣṭubh",
    "meter_shift_from_previous": true,
    "meter_shift_to_next": true,
    "pragmatic_context": {
      "vocative": "Mahābāho",
      "preceding_question": "",
      "following_response": ""
    }
  },
  "theme_list_memberships": [
    {
      "list": "अज्ञान",
      "role": "supporting",
      "other_verses_in_list": [
        "3.26",
        "4.42",
        "5.10",
        "5.15",
        "5.16",
        "10.11",
        "13.11",
        "14.8",
        "14.16",
        "16.4",
        "16.15"
      ]
    },
    {
      "list": "अहंकारविमूढात्मा",
      "role": "supporting",
      "other_verses_in_list": [
        "3.27"
      ]
    },
    {
      "list": "कर्मयोग",
      "role": "supporting",
      "other_verses_in_list": [
        "2.53",
        "3.3",
        "3.18",
        "4.1",
        "4.12",
        "4.24",
        "5.2",
        "5.3",
        "5.5",
        "6.5",
        "12.11"
      ]
    },
    {
      "list": "ज्ञानयोग",
      "role": "supporting",
      "other_verses_in_list": [
        "2.53",
        "3.3",
        "6.5",
        "7.2"
      ]
    },
    {
      "list": "तत्त्ववित्",
      "role": "supporting",
      "other_verses_in_list": [
        "5.8",
        "5.9"
      ]
    },
    {
      "list": "पदार्थ",
      "role": "supporting",
      "other_verses_in_list": [
        "1.1",
        "9.26"
      ]
    },
    {
      "list": "प्रकृति",
      "role": "supporting",
      "other_verses_in_list": [
        "1.1",
        "3.5",
        "3.33",
        "4.6",
        "5.10",
        "7.4",
        "7.5",
        "7.20",
        "9.7",
        "9.8",
        "9.10",
        "9.12",
        "9.13",
        "11.51",
        "13.19",
        "13.20",
        "13.21",
        "13.23",
        "13.35",
        "14.5",
        "15.7",
        "18.40",
        "18.59"
      ]
    },
    {
      "list": "मत्वा",
      "role": "supporting",
      "other_verses_in_list": [
        "10.8",
        "11.41",
        "13.15"
      ]
    },
    {
      "list": "महाबाहो",
      "role": "supporting",
      "other_verses_in_list": [
        "2.26",
        "2.68",
        "3.43",
        "5.3",
        "5.6",
        "6.35",
        "6.38",
        "7.4",
        "7.5",
        "18.1",
        "18.13"
      ]
    },
    {
      "list": "स्वयं",
      "role": "supporting",
      "other_verses_in_list": [
        "3.13",
        "3.17",
        "3.19",
        "3.21",
        "3.26",
        "3.27",
        "3.30",
        "3.31",
        "3.35",
        "4.1",
        "4.3",
        "4.38",
        "10.13",
        "12.8",
        "12.14",
        "15.4"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "audit_trail": {
    "substrate_version": "v2.6-frozen",
    "fitted_weights": {
      "a": 1.0,
      "b": 0.01,
      "e_v": 0.005,
      "z": 0.2,
      "h": 0.0,
      "th": 0.01
    },
    "corpus_provenance": {
      "mūla": "Belvalkar critical edition (BORI 1947), via Ambuda multi-witness",
      "panel_witnesses": [
        "bg-mula",
        "bg-shankara",
        "bg-ramanuja",
        "bg-madhva",
        "bg-vedantadeshika",
        "bg-vallabha",
        "bg-jayatirtha",
        "bg-anandgiri",
        "bg-sridhara",
        "bg-madhusudan"
      ]
    },
    "extraction_date": "2026-04-21",
    "score_methodology_documented_at": "Paper 1, Section II.B",
    "word_by_word_parser": "ByT5-Sanskrit-multitask (Nehrdich/Hellwig/Keutzer EMNLP 2024)",
    "post_generation_repairs": [
      {
        "date": "2026-05-03",
        "fix": "verb-lemma-misidentification (broader heuristic: prefix-√root canonical for all verb-tagged tokens)",
        "scope": "word_by_word[].lemma",
        "loci": [
          "vartante: vṛt -> √vṛt",
          "sajjate: sañj -> √sañj"
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "so_what_questions": [
    "If guṇas are always moving among guṇas, what is the practical criterion that distinguishes a tattva-vit acting in the world from someone merely claiming non-attachment while still driven by ego?",
    "Śaṅkara locates guṇas as karaṇa (instruments); Madhva locates them as indriyādi (senses and their division from Hari's objects) — does the difference in ontology change what 'not clinging' looks like in daily life?",
    "Vallabha draws on BU 1.4.3 to ground guṇa-activity in Puruṣottama's own primal self-division — does this make non-attachment easier or harder than the jñāna-route of Śaṅkara, and why?",
    "All six schools agree on na sajjate (non-clinging), yet bhakti schools add a positive valence (service, prasāda, kainkarya) while Advaita leaves it as absence of binding — does the verse itself license either reading, or both?",
    "Madhusūdana introduces bhāsaka/bhāsya (illuminator/illumined) as the key metaphor — how does this alter the emotional register of practicing non-attachment compared to the senses-and-objects framing of Śrīdhara?",
    "The verse begins tattva-vit (knower of the real) not tattva-darśin (seer of the real) — does that cognitive framing (knowing vs. seeing) point toward study-based realization or direct experience, and do the schools diverge here?",
    "If the guṇas 'belong to' prakṛti in all schools, what is the role of personal effort (puruṣārtha) in achieving the understanding described — is the verse descriptive of a state already arrived at or prescriptive of a practice?"
  ],
  "everyday_applications": {
    "advaita": "When you complete a demanding task and the ego rushes to claim credit, pause and observe: the seeing, the thinking, the hands that moved — all are karaṇa-guṇas (instrument-qualities) operating on their respective objects. Silently note 'guṇas moved among guṇas' before accepting the praise or bracing for the blame. Over time this small interruption loosens kartṛtva (doer-sense) without requiring you to abandon the work.",
    "viśiṣṭādvaita": "Before beginning any professional or domestic act, briefly recall that your faculties are modes of Bhagavān's body offered back in service (kainkarya). This converts task completion from personal achievement into worship — the same quality of care remains, but the internal posture shifts from 'what I am building' to 'what is being offered.' Anxiety about outcomes decreases because the outcome too belongs to the Lord.",
    "dvaita": "Recognize that your senses and their objects both belong to Hari's differentiated creation (karma-bheda, guṇa-bheda). When a project goes badly, neither collapse into self-blame nor grasp at external causes; instead locate responsibility accurately — 'the instruments Hari deployed encountered their objects; the result is His.' This produces accountability without shame, and humility without passivity.",
    "śuddhādvaita": "In moments of creative flow — music, writing, cooking — notice how the action happens through you rather than by you. Vallabha's lotus-leaf image (prayojakam Kṛṣṇa) turns this from a philosophical point into a felt experience: the creative energy is prasāda (grace-gift) moving through indriya-guṇas. Receive the flow gratefully rather than hoarding it as personal talent.",
    "bhakti": "When strong emotion (anger, desire, grief) arises, apply Śrīdhara's two-fold viveka: 'This emotion is a guṇa-movement, not my essence; this action it is pushing me toward is not mine to claim.' The double separation — from the quality and from its corresponding action — creates a moment of freedom inside the emotional wave, making skillful response possible without suppression.",
    "advaita-bhakti": "Madhusūdana's bhāsaka/bhāsya frame is useful in relationships: you are the witnessing awareness that illumines the interaction; your words, reactions, and role-identities are bhāsya (the illumined). When you catch yourself fusing with a role (parent, boss, student) to the point of reactivity, recall the lamp-metaphor — the lamp does not become what it lights. This neither licenses emotional distance nor excuses disengagement; it clarifies where you actually stand."
  },
  "primary_meaning": "Knowing the true division between qualities and actions, the wise see that the senses move among their objects, and do not cling."
}