{
 "verse_id": "18.40",
 "mūla": {
  "devanāgarī": "न तदस्ति पृथिव्यां वा दिवि देवेषु वा पुनः | सत्त्वं प्रकृतिजैर्मुक्तं यदेभिः स्यात् त्रिभिर्गुणैः",
  "iast": "na tadasti pṛthivyāṃ vā divi deveṣu vā punaḥ | sattvaṃ prakṛtijairmuktaṃ yadebhiḥ syāt tribhirguṇaiḥ",
  "chapter_position": "Chapter 18 (Mokṣa-Sannyāsa-Yoga (The Yoga of Liberation by Renunciation)), verse 40",
  "speaker": "Krishna",
  "addressed_to": "Arjuna"
 },
 "word_by_word": [
  {
   "surface_form": "na",
   "lemma": "na",
   "grammar": "",
   "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
   "theme_lists": [],
   "surface_devanagari": "न"
  },
  {
   "surface_form": "tat",
   "lemma": "tad",
   "grammar": "nominative neuter singular noun",
   "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
   "theme_lists": [],
   "surface_devanagari": "तत्"
  },
  {
   "surface_form": "asti",
   "lemma": "√as",
   "grammar": "present indicative 3rd person singular verb",
   "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
   "theme_lists": [],
   "surface_devanagari": "अस्ति"
  },
  {
   "surface_form": "pṛthivyām",
   "lemma": "pṛthivī",
   "grammar": "locative feminine singular noun",
   "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
   "theme_lists": [],
   "surface_devanagari": "पृथिव्याम्"
  },
  {
   "surface_form": "vā",
   "lemma": "vā",
   "grammar": "",
   "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
   "theme_lists": [],
   "surface_devanagari": "वा"
  },
  {
   "surface_form": "divi",
   "lemma": "div",
   "grammar": "locative masculine singular noun",
   "senses_attested_in_panel": [
    {
     "sense": "देवेषु वा पुनः सत्त्वम्, प्रकृतिजैः प्रकृतितः जातैः एभिः त्रिभिः गुणैः सत्त्वादिभिः मुक्तं परित्यक्तं",
     "school": "advaita",
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     "witnesses": [
      "shankara"
     ]
    },
    {
     "sense": "देवेषु वा प्रकृतिसंसृष्टेषु ब्रह्मादिस्थावरान्तेषु प्रकृतिजैः एभिः त्रिभिः गुणैः मुक्तं",
     "school": "viśiṣṭādvaita",
     "weight": 0.8,
     "witnesses": [
      "ramanuja",
      "vedantadeshika"
     ]
    },
    {
     "sense": "ब्रह्मलोकपर्यन्तं दिव्येषु प्राकृतैर्गुणैर्मुक्तं सत्त्वं किमपि नास्ति, पृथिव्यां",
     "school": "śuddhādvaita",
     "weight": 0.8,
     "witnesses": [
      "vallabha"
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    },
    {
     "sense": "देवेषु",
     "school": "bhakti",
     "weight": 0.8,
     "witnesses": [
      "sridhara"
     ]
    },
    {
     "sense": "देवेषु वा नास्ति",
     "school": "advaita-bhakti",
     "weight": 0.8,
     "witnesses": [
      "madhusudan"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "theme_lists": [],
   "surface_devanagari": "दिवि"
  },
  {
   "surface_form": "deveṣu",
   "lemma": "deva",
   "grammar": "locative masculine plural noun",
   "senses_attested_in_panel": [
    {
     "sense": "वा पुनः सत्त्वम्, प्रकृतिजैः प्रकृतितः जातैः एभिः त्रिभिः गुणैः सत्त्वादिभिः मुक्तं परित्यक्तं",
     "school": "advaita",
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     "witnesses": [
      "shankara"
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    },
    {
     "sense": "वा प्रकृतिसंसृष्टेषु ब्रह्मादिस्थावरान्तेषु प्रकृतिजैः एभिः त्रिभिः गुणैः मुक्तं",
     "school": "viśiṣṭādvaita",
     "weight": 0.8,
     "witnesses": [
      "ramanuja",
      "vedantadeshika"
     ]
    },
    {
     "sense": "च क्वापि नास्तीत्यर्थः",
     "school": "bhakti",
     "weight": 0.8,
     "witnesses": [
      "sridhara"
     ]
    },
    {
     "sense": "वा नास्ति",
     "school": "advaita-bhakti",
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     "witnesses": [
      "madhusudan"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "theme_lists": [],
   "surface_devanagari": "देवेषु"
  },
  {
   "surface_form": "vā",
   "lemma": "vā",
   "grammar": "",
   "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
   "theme_lists": [],
   "surface_devanagari": "वा"
  },
  {
   "surface_form": "punar",
   "lemma": "punar",
   "grammar": "",
   "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
   "theme_lists": [],
   "surface_devanagari": "पुनर्"
  },
  {
   "surface_form": "sattvam",
   "lemma": "sattva",
   "grammar": "nominative neuter singular noun",
   "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
   "theme_lists": [],
   "surface_devanagari": "सत्त्वम्"
  },
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   "surface_form": "prakṛti",
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   "grammar": "compound (compound member)",
   "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
   "theme_lists": [],
   "surface_devanagari": "प्रकृति"
  },
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   "surface_form": "jaiḥ",
   "lemma": "ja",
   "grammar": "instrumental masculine plural noun",
   "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
   "theme_lists": [],
   "surface_devanagari": "जैः"
  },
  {
   "surface_form": "muktam",
   "lemma": "√muc",
   "grammar": "nominative neuter singular participle noun",
   "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
   "theme_lists": [],
   "surface_devanagari": "मुक्तम्"
  },
  {
   "surface_form": "yat",
   "lemma": "yad",
   "grammar": "nominative neuter singular noun",
   "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
   "theme_lists": [],
   "surface_devanagari": "यत्"
  },
  {
   "surface_form": "ebhiḥ",
   "lemma": "idam",
   "grammar": "instrumental masculine plural noun",
   "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
   "theme_lists": [],
   "surface_devanagari": "एभिः"
  },
  {
   "surface_form": "syāt",
   "lemma": "√as",
   "grammar": "present optative 3rd person singular verb",
   "senses_attested_in_panel": [
    {
     "sense": ", न तत् अस्ति इति पूर्वेण संबन्धः।। सर्वः संसारः क्रियाकारकफललक्षणः सत्त्वरजस्तमोगुणात्मकः अविद्यापरिकल्पितः समूलः अनर्थ",
     "school": "advaita",
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  },
  {
   "surface_form": "tribhiḥ",
   "lemma": "tri",
   "grammar": "instrumental masculine plural noun",
   "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
   "theme_lists": [],
   "surface_devanagari": "त्रिभिः"
  },
  {
   "surface_form": "guṇaiḥ",
   "lemma": "guṇa",
   "grammar": "instrumental masculine plural noun",
   "senses_attested_in_panel": [
    {
     "sense": "सत्त्वादिभिः मुक्तं परित्यक्तं",
     "school": "advaita",
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     "witnesses": [
      "shankara"
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     "sense": "मुक्तं",
     "school": "viśiṣṭādvaita",
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     "witnesses": [
      "ramanuja"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "theme_lists": [],
   "surface_devanagari": "गुणैः"
  }
 ],
 "intertextual_panel": [
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   "verse": "11.37",
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 "doctrinal_projections": {
  "advaita": {
   "reading_summary": "(reading summary extraction pending; ENABLE_READING_SUMMARIES=true to generate)",
   "key_cross_references": [],
   "witness_passages": [
    "shankara_18.40",
    "anandgiri_18.40"
   ],
   "score": 0.5,
   "english_rendering": "No being on earth (prthivi), among celestials (divi), or anywhere in creation stands free from the three gunas (triguna) born of prakrti. Shankara uses this verse as the closing seal on samsara's total reach: every creature, every function — karaka, kriya, phala — is constituted by sattva-rajas-tamas as projected by avidya. The entire world-tree described as urdhva-mula (BG 15.1) has its roots in this triguna substrate, and only the asanga-shastra (sword of non-attachment) can sever it; the verse thus prepares the final summons toward the pada that lies beyond all gunas."
  },
  "viśiṣṭādvaita": {
   "reading_summary": "(reading summary extraction pending; ENABLE_READING_SUMMARIES=true to generate)",
   "key_cross_references": [],
   "witness_passages": [
    "ramanuja_18.40",
    "vedantadeshika_18.40"
   ],
   "score": 0.5,
   "english_rendering": "From Brahma down to the blade of grass (brahma-sthavara-anta), every being embedded in prakrti-samskrsta existence is bound by the three gunas sprung from prakrti. Ramanuja reads this as the cosmological ground for why all karma must be performed as kainkarya (service) to Bhagavan: since no agent can step outside the gunas by mere renunciation of action, the only liberation is to redirect kartrtva — the sense of doership — toward the Paramapurusa, so that sattva-vrddhi becomes the vehicle of moksa-sadhana and all action becomes paramapur usa-aradhana (worship of the Supreme)."
  },
  "dvaita": {
   "reading_summary": "(reading summary extraction pending; ENABLE_READING_SUMMARIES=true to generate)",
   "key_cross_references": [],
   "witness_passages": [
    "madhva_18.40",
    "jayatirtha_18.40"
   ],
   "score": 0.5,
   "english_rendering": "*Na tadasti* — not that being exists, on earth, in heaven, or among the gods, which stands free of the three *guṇas* (*tribhir guṇaiḥ*) born of *prakṛti*. The verse maps the entire field of *sattvas* — human, celestial, elemental — under a single law: all are *paratantra* (eternally dependent), none *svatantra* (self-sufficient). *Pañca-bheda* holds without remainder: Lord–*jīva* distinction is real, *jīva*–matter distinction is real, and no *jīva* anywhere in the three tiers of existence (*pṛthivī*, *divi*, *deveṣu*) escapes *guṇa*-bondage by its own power. The *taratamya* (graded ontological hierarchy) of *jīvas* — from Brahmā downward — does not dissolve *guṇa*-subjection; it only ranks the degree of *sattva*-predominance. Liberation from the *guṇas* is therefore not a *jīva*'s self-achievement but Hari's sovereign act of grace, the *paratantra jīva* arriving at *mukti* only through ontological subordination to the *svatantra* Lord — *bhakti* as that subordination's living form.",
   "provenance": "siddhānta_reconstruction"
  },
  "śuddhādvaita": {
   "reading_summary": "(reading summary extraction pending; ENABLE_READING_SUMMARIES=true to generate)",
   "key_cross_references": [],
   "witness_passages": [
    "vallabha_18.40"
   ],
   "score": 0.5,
   "english_rendering": "Vallabha reads the verse as a declaration about the scope of prakrta existence: from the heights of Brahmaloka down to the earth, every being carries the three gunas of prakrti, with no exception. He adds a crucial Pustimarga inflection: Bhagavan's own lila and his devotees (go-gopi-adi) appear to participate in saguna existence, yet by the Brahma-sutra principle 'lokavat tu lilakaivalyam' (BS 2.1.33) Bhagavan's gunas are aprakrta (not of material nature) and serve as lila-prasada, not bondage — so the verse marks the boundary between samsaric gunas and the transcendent gunas of the Lord's own grace-play."
  },
  "bhakti": {
   "reading_summary": "(reading summary extraction pending; ENABLE_READING_SUMMARIES=true to generate)",
   "key_cross_references": [],
   "witness_passages": [
    "sridhara_18.40"
   ],
   "score": 0.5,
   "english_rendering": "Sridhara Svami reads this as a clear closing summary (upasamhara) of the chapter's section on the gunas: the three gunas sprung from prakrti (prakrti-sambhava) pervade every category of being — human (prthivi), divine (divi), and all in between — leaving no entity anywhere exempt. The verse's function is integrative: it draws together all the prior guna-analysis into a single universalizing claim, reminding the practitioner that guna-discernment is not optional but the very instrument of vairagya (dispassion) and thus of bhakti's purification."
  },
  "advaita-bhakti": {
   "reading_summary": "(reading summary extraction pending; ENABLE_READING_SUMMARIES=true to generate)",
   "key_cross_references": [],
   "witness_passages": [
    "madhusudan_18.40"
   ],
   "score": 0.5,
   "english_rendering": "Madhusudana Sarasvati refines the metaphysics: the gunas are not directly born of prakrti in an absolute sense — prakrti is the state of equilibrium (samyavastha) of sattva-rajas-tamas, and what is 'born' is the visamavastha (disequilibrium); or alternatively, prakrti is maya and the gunas are her kalpita projections. Either way, no being anywhere — animate or inanimate, earthly or celestial — stands free of this triple bondage (bandhana-hetu). For Madhusudana the verse also points toward its own resolution: the Krsna-bhakta who rests in the Advaita ground realizes that the substratum of all these gunas is nirguna Brahman, and Krsna's grace-consciousness alone dissolves the bondage that the verse describes as universal."
  }
 },
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  "meter": "anuṣṭubh",
  "meter_shift_from_previous": true,
  "meter_shift_to_next": true,
  "pragmatic_context": {
   "vocative": "",
   "preceding_question": "",
   "following_response": ""
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 },
 "theme_list_memberships": [
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   "list": "प्रकृति",
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    "3.28",
    "3.33",
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    "9.12",
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    "14.5",
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 ],
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  },
  "corpus_provenance": {
   "mūla": "Belvalkar critical edition (BORI 1947), via Ambuda multi-witness",
   "panel_witnesses": [
    "bg-mula",
    "bg-shankara",
    "bg-ramanuja",
    "bg-madhva",
    "bg-vedantadeshika",
    "bg-vallabha",
    "bg-jayatirtha",
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    "bg-sridhara",
    "bg-madhusudan"
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  "extraction_date": "2026-04-21",
  "score_methodology_documented_at": "Paper 1, Section II.B",
  "word_by_word_parser": "ByT5-Sanskrit-multitask (Nehrdich/Hellwig/Keutzer EMNLP 2024)",
  "post_generation_repairs": [
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    "date": "2026-05-03",
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    "scope": "mūla.iast — spaces reinserted using word_by_word.surface_form as source of truth",
    "loci": [
     "syāttribhirguṇaiḥ -> syāt tribhirguṇaiḥ"
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    "date": "2026-05-03",
    "fix": "dropped-space-at-consonant-consonant-joint corruption",
    "scope": "mūla.devanāgarī — spaces reinserted using word_by_word surface fields as source of truth",
    "loci": [
     "स्यात्त्रिभिर्गुणैः -> स्यात् त्रिभिर्गुणैः"
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   },
   {
    "date": "2026-05-03",
    "fix": "verb-lemma-misidentification (broader heuristic: prefix-√root canonical for all verb-tagged tokens)",
    "scope": "word_by_word[].lemma",
    "loci": [
     "asti: as -> √as",
     "muktam: muc -> √muc",
     "syāt: as -> √as"
    ]
   },
   {
    "kind": "qmark_artifact_repair",
    "applied_at": "2026-05-08T01:56:15.022708Z",
    "applied_by": "summon-web/scripts/repair_qmark_artifacts.py",
    "n_senses_repaired": 4,
    "substitution": "? -> ,",
    "root_cause": "ITRANS '\\,' (literal-comma escape) in sd_bgshankarabhashya.itx corrupted to '?' during upstream HTML pipeline at gitasupersite; propagated through h_c_panel/commentaries/bg_*.jsonl into substrate.",
    "verification_source": "sonos-paper/samvad_db/sources/sd_bgshankarabhashya.itx"
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 },
 "so_what_questions": [
  "If every being from Brahma to a blade of grass is entangled in the three gunas, what makes spiritual effort meaningful rather than futile — is liberation even possible, or is the verse a counsel of despair?",
  "The verse names both prthivi (earth) and divi (heaven) as guna-bound: does this collapse the traditional hierarchy of lokas, making celestial life no closer to liberation than human life?",
  "Shankara's commentary links this verse explicitly to the urdhva-mula tree of BG 15 and the asanga-shastra: why does he use a cosmological universality claim as the entry-point for the chapters 18 summary on svadharma and varna?",
  "Vallabha introduces aprakrta gunas for Bhagavan's lila: if the Lord's own sattva-rajas-tamas are ontologically different from creation's, does this create a two-tier system of gunas, and how does the practitioner distinguish them in lived experience?",
  "Ramanuja's reading redirects kartrtva to Paramapurusa: what concretely changes in the quality of action when the doer re-attributes agency to Bhagavan rather than abandoning action altogether?",
  "The verse is a upasamhara (closing summary) according to Sridhara and Madhusudana: what does it mean for a verse to function as a structural hinge in the Gita's argument rather than as a new doctrinal claim?"
 ],
 "everyday_applications": {
  "advaita": "When you notice yourself praising your own calmness (sattva) or blaming your laziness (tamas), Shankara's reading is a corrective: the praise-er and the blamer are themselves guna-products. Practice watching the guna-mix as impersonal weather, not as your identity — this is the asanga-shastra in daily use.",
  "viśiṣṭādvaita": "In collaborative work, when you feel pride of authorship or frustration that others 'do not help', Ramanuja's reading invites a re-attribution: treat the project as kainkarya to Bhagavan, reassign the doership, and notice how the emotional register of the work changes from ego-investment to seva (service).",
  "dvaita": "On Dvaita terms, the verse is a daily reminder of paratantrata (dependence): whenever you are tempted to believe your achievement is self-generated, this verse insists that the capacity itself is Hari-given. Cultivate gratitude as a structural reflex, not an occasional gesture.",
  "śuddhādvaita": "Vallabha's lens: treat encounters with beauty — music, nature, human affection — not as traps of rajas or tamas but as potential lila-prasada if offered back to Krsna. The discipline is to receive the guna-colored world as the Lord's gift rather than fleeing it as bondage.",
  "bhakti": "Sridhara's integrating reading suggests a practical audit: at the end of each day, inventory which guna dominated each major action or decision. Not to judge, but to sharpen guna-discernment (viveka), which Sridhara treats as the instrument of bhakti's progressive purification.",
  "advaita-bhakti": "Madhusudana's synthesis: when a difficult emotion (anger, grief, lust) arises, hold both truths simultaneously — 'this guna-storm is maya-kalpita and has no ultimate reality' (Advaita) AND 'Krsna's grace alone can dissolve what my own effort cannot uproot' (bhakti). Neither dismissal nor helplessness — clear-eyed surrender."
 },
 "primary_meaning": "Nothing anywhere, on earth or in the heavens, escapes the three qualities born of nature."
}