{
 "verse_id": "13.34",
 "mūla": {
  "devanāgarī": "यथा प्रकाशयत्य् एकः कृत्स्नं लोकम् इमं रविः | क्षेत्रं क्षेत्री तथा कृत्स्नं प्रकाशयति भारत",
  "iast": "yathā prakāśayaty ekaḥ kṛtsnaṃ lokam imaṃ raviḥ | kṣetraṃ kṣetrī tathā kṛtsnaṃ prakāśayati bhārata",
  "chapter_position": "Chapter 13 (Kṣetra-Kṣetrajña-Vibhāga-Yoga (The Yoga of Distinction Between Field and Field-Knower)), verse 34",
  "speaker": "Krishna",
  "addressed_to": "Arjuna"
 },
 "word_by_word": [
  {
   "surface_form": "yathā",
   "lemma": "yathā",
   "grammar": "",
   "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
   "theme_lists": [],
   "surface_devanagari": "यथा"
  },
  {
   "surface_form": "prakāśayati",
   "lemma": "pra-√kāśay",
   "grammar": "present indicative 3rd person singular verb",
   "senses_attested_in_panel": [
    {
     "sense": "अवभासयति एकः कृत्स्नं लोकम् इमं रविः सविता आदित्यः, तथा तद्वत् महाभूतादि धृत्यन्तं क्षेत्रम् एकः सन् प्रकाशयति",
     "school": "advaita",
     "weight": 0.8,
     "witnesses": [
      "shankara"
     ]
    },
    {
     "sense": ", तथा क्षेत्रम्",
     "school": "viśiṣṭādvaita",
     "weight": 0.8,
     "witnesses": [
      "ramanuja"
     ]
    },
    {
     "sense": "तथाऽयं क्षेत्रीति",
     "school": "śuddhādvaita",
     "weight": 0.8,
     "witnesses": [
      "vallabha"
     ]
    },
    {
     "sense": "नच प्रकाश्यधर्मैर्लिप्यते न वा प्रकाश्यभेदाद्भिद्यते",
     "school": "advaita-bhakti",
     "weight": 0.8,
     "witnesses": [
      "madhusudan"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "theme_lists": [],
   "surface_devanagari": "प्रकाशयति"
  },
  {
   "surface_form": "ekaḥ",
   "lemma": "eka",
   "grammar": "nominative masculine singular noun",
   "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
   "theme_lists": [],
   "surface_devanagari": "एकः"
  },
  {
   "surface_form": "kṛtsnam",
   "lemma": "kṛtsna",
   "grammar": "accusative masculine singular noun",
   "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
   "theme_lists": [],
   "surface_devanagari": "कृत्स्नम्"
  },
  {
   "surface_form": "lokam",
   "lemma": "loka",
   "grammar": "accusative masculine singular noun",
   "senses_attested_in_panel": [
    {
     "sense": "इमं रविः सविता आदित्यः, तथा तद्वत् महाभूतादि धृत्यन्तं क्षेत्रम् एकः सन् प्रकाशयति",
     "school": "advaita",
     "weight": 0.8,
     "witnesses": [
      "shankara"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "theme_lists": [],
   "surface_devanagari": "लोकम्"
  },
  {
   "surface_form": "imam",
   "lemma": "idam",
   "grammar": "accusative masculine singular noun",
   "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
   "theme_lists": [],
   "surface_devanagari": "इमम्"
  },
  {
   "surface_form": "raviḥ",
   "lemma": "ravi",
   "grammar": "nominative masculine singular noun",
   "senses_attested_in_panel": [
    {
     "sense": "सविता आदित्यः, तथा तद्वत् महाभूतादि धृत्यन्तं क्षेत्रम् एकः सन् प्रकाशयति",
     "school": "advaita",
     "weight": 0.8,
     "witnesses": [
      "shankara"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "theme_lists": [],
   "surface_devanagari": "रविः"
  },
  {
   "surface_form": "kṣetram",
   "lemma": "kṣetra",
   "grammar": "accusative neuter singular noun",
   "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
   "theme_lists": [],
   "surface_devanagari": "क्षेत्रम्"
  },
  {
   "surface_form": "kṣetrī",
   "lemma": "kṣetrin",
   "grammar": "nominative masculine singular noun",
   "senses_attested_in_panel": [
    {
     "sense": "परमात्मा इत्यर्थः",
     "school": "advaita",
     "weight": 0.8,
     "witnesses": [
      "shankara"
     ]
    },
    {
     "sense": "मम इदं क्षेत्रम् ईदृशम् इति कृत्स्नं बहिः अन्तः",
     "school": "viśiṣṭādvaita",
     "weight": 0.8,
     "witnesses": [
      "ramanuja"
     ]
    },
    {
     "sense": "क्षेत्रज्ञ एक",
     "school": "advaita-bhakti",
     "weight": 0.8,
     "witnesses": [
      "madhusudan"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "theme_lists": [],
   "surface_devanagari": "क्षेत्री"
  },
  {
   "surface_form": "tathā",
   "lemma": "tathā",
   "grammar": "",
   "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
   "theme_lists": [],
   "surface_devanagari": "तथा"
  },
  {
   "surface_form": "kṛtsnam",
   "lemma": "kṛtsna",
   "grammar": "accusative masculine singular noun",
   "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
   "theme_lists": [],
   "surface_devanagari": "कृत्स्नम्"
  },
  {
   "surface_form": "prakāśayati",
   "lemma": "pra-√kāśay",
   "grammar": "present indicative 3rd person singular verb",
   "senses_attested_in_panel": [
    {
     "sense": "अवभासयति एकः कृत्स्नं लोकम् इमं रविः सविता आदित्यः, तथा तद्वत् महाभूतादि धृत्यन्तं क्षेत्रम् एकः सन् प्रकाशयति",
     "school": "advaita",
     "weight": 0.8,
     "witnesses": [
      "shankara"
     ]
    },
    {
     "sense": ", तथा क्षेत्रम्",
     "school": "viśiṣṭādvaita",
     "weight": 0.8,
     "witnesses": [
      "ramanuja"
     ]
    },
    {
     "sense": "तथाऽयं क्षेत्रीति",
     "school": "śuddhādvaita",
     "weight": 0.8,
     "witnesses": [
      "vallabha"
     ]
    },
    {
     "sense": "नच प्रकाश्यधर्मैर्लिप्यते न वा प्रकाश्यभेदाद्भिद्यते",
     "school": "advaita-bhakti",
     "weight": 0.8,
     "witnesses": [
      "madhusudan"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "theme_lists": [],
   "surface_devanagari": "प्रकाशयति"
  },
  {
   "surface_form": "bhārata",
   "lemma": "bhārata",
   "grammar": "vocative masculine singular noun",
   "senses_attested_in_panel": [
    {
     "sense": ", अतएव न प्रकाश्यधर्मैर्लिप्यते न वा प्रकाश्यभेदाद्भिद्यत इतियर्थः",
     "school": "advaita-bhakti",
     "weight": 0.8,
     "witnesses": [
      "madhusudan"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "theme_lists": [],
   "surface_devanagari": "भारत"
  }
 ],
 "intertextual_panel": [
  {
   "verse": "2.10",
   "type": "lemma-family resonance",
   "score": 0.8991,
   "feature_breakdown": {
    "cosine": 0.8391,
    "theme_graph": 0.0,
    "vocative": 0.0,
    "substring": 0.0,
    "lemma_overlap": 9.2007,
    "stem_prefix": 6.0
   }
  },
  {
   "verse": "3.25",
   "type": "lemma-family resonance",
   "score": 0.8953,
   "feature_breakdown": {
    "cosine": 0.8453,
    "theme_graph": 0.0,
    "vocative": 0.0,
    "substring": 0.0,
    "lemma_overlap": 12.1072,
    "stem_prefix": 5.0
   }
  },
  {
   "verse": "16.3",
   "type": "lemma-family resonance",
   "score": 0.8909,
   "feature_breakdown": {
    "cosine": 0.8309,
    "theme_graph": 0.0,
    "vocative": 0.0,
    "substring": 0.0,
    "lemma_overlap": 9.2007,
    "stem_prefix": 6.0
   }
  },
  {
   "verse": "2.18",
   "type": "lemma-family resonance",
   "score": 0.8843,
   "feature_breakdown": {
    "cosine": 0.8343,
    "theme_graph": 0.0,
    "vocative": 0.0,
    "substring": 0.0,
    "lemma_overlap": 9.2007,
    "stem_prefix": 5.0
   }
  },
  {
   "verse": "11.6",
   "type": "lemma-family resonance",
   "score": 0.8831,
   "feature_breakdown": {
    "cosine": 0.8331,
    "theme_graph": 0.0,
    "vocative": 0.0,
    "substring": 0.0,
    "lemma_overlap": 9.8046,
    "stem_prefix": 5.0
   }
  },
  {
   "verse": "13.2",
   "type": "cross-chapter thematic parallel",
   "score": 0.8799,
   "feature_breakdown": {
    "cosine": 0.8399,
    "theme_graph": 1.0,
    "vocative": 0.0,
    "substring": 0.0,
    "lemma_overlap": 9.7801,
    "stem_prefix": 3.0
   }
  },
  {
   "verse": "13.35",
   "type": "next-verse continuation",
   "score": 0.8787,
   "feature_breakdown": {
    "cosine": 0.8387,
    "theme_graph": 1.0,
    "vocative": 0.0,
    "substring": 0.0,
    "lemma_overlap": 6.5626,
    "stem_prefix": 3.0
   }
  },
  {
   "verse": "15.20",
   "type": "lemma-family resonance",
   "score": 0.8765,
   "feature_breakdown": {
    "cosine": 0.8265,
    "theme_graph": 0.0,
    "vocative": 0.0,
    "substring": 0.0,
    "lemma_overlap": 9.2007,
    "stem_prefix": 5.0
   }
  }
 ],
 "doctrinal_projections": {
  "advaita": {
   "reading_summary": "(reading summary extraction pending; ENABLE_READING_SUMMARIES=true to generate)",
   "key_cross_references": [],
   "witness_passages": [
    "shankara_13.34",
    "anandgiri_13.34"
   ],
   "score": 0.5,
   "english_rendering": "As one sun illuminates this entire world, so the single kṣetrajña (field-knower) illuminates the whole kṣetra (field) from the great elements down to steadiness. The ātman (self) is like the sun in a dual sense: singular across all fields and untouched (alepa) by what it illuminates. This closing verse of the chapter summarizes the entire teaching: the one Paramātman (supreme self) is the sole witness, ever uncontaminated by the field's attributes.",
   "divergence_note": "Shankara explicitly draws the double ravi-drishanta: 'ravivadasarva-kshetreshu eka eva atma, alepakashca' — one self in all fields, and untouched. He frames the verse as chapter-colophon summarizing the kṣetra-kṣetrajña-vibhāga.",
   "commentator": "Shankaracharya"
  },
  "viśiṣṭādvaita": {
   "reading_summary": "(reading summary extraction pending; ENABLE_READING_SUMMARIES=true to generate)",
   "key_cross_references": [],
   "witness_passages": [
    "ramanuja_13.34",
    "vedantadeshika_13.34"
   ],
   "score": 0.5,
   "english_rendering": "As one āditya (sun) illuminates the entire world with its own luminosity, so the kṣetrajña illuminates the field completely — from foot to crown, inside and outside — by its own intrinsic jñāna (knowledge). The jīva (individual self) thereby stands absolutely distinct (atyanta-vilakṣaṇa) from the kṣetra just as the illuminating sun stands distinct from the illuminated world. This distinction is not dissolution into a featureless absolute but the ground for the self's relational identity as vettṛ (knower) before the known field.",
   "divergence_note": "Ramanuja specifies 'bahirantahca apadatala-mastakam svakiyena jnanena prakashayati' — complete illumination head to toe, inside and out, by the self's own knowledge — and concludes with 'atyanta-vilakshana' for the distinctness of ātman from kṣetra.",
   "commentator": "Ramanujacharya"
  },
  "dvaita": {
   "reading_summary": "(reading summary extraction pending; ENABLE_READING_SUMMARIES=true to generate)",
   "key_cross_references": [],
   "witness_passages": [
    "madhva_13.34",
    "jayatirtha_13.34"
   ],
   "score": 0.5,
   "english_rendering": "*Yathā prakāśayaty ekaḥ kṛtsnaṃ lokam imaṃ raviḥ* — as the single sun illumines this entire world — *kṣetrī tathā kṛtsnaṃ kṣetraṃ prakāśayati* — so the *kṣetrajña* illumines the entire *kṣetra* (field). In Dvaita *siddhānta*, the verse names two distinct orders of *kṣetrajña*: the *paratantra* (eternally dependent) *jīva*, whose cognizing light is borrowed and bounded, and the *svatantra* (independently real, self-sufficient) Paramātman, whose light is original and unbounded. The sun-image makes the *bheda* (real distinction) precise: the sun illumines from without, remaining untouched by what it lights. So too the *jīva* illumines its own *kṣetra* through Hari's *anugraha* (grace), never merging with nor equaling the supreme *Kṣetrajña*. *Pañca-bheda* — the five-fold real distinction — holds intact: the Lord's illumining sovereignty is not shared upward by the *jīva*, nor diluted downward into *kṣetra*. The *taratamya* (graded ontological hierarchy) is preserved across all three terms: Paramātman, *jīva*, and *prakṛti* (matter). Dissolution of these distinctions is precisely what the sun-analogy refuses.",
   "divergence_note": "No Madhva or Jayatīrtha bhāṣya on this verse; siddhānta voiced directly from the mūla.",
   "commentator": "Madhvacharya",
   "provenance": "siddhānta_reconstruction"
  },
  "śuddhādvaita": {
   "reading_summary": "(reading summary extraction pending; ENABLE_READING_SUMMARIES=true to generate)",
   "key_cross_references": [],
   "witness_passages": [
    "vallabha_13.34"
   ],
   "score": 0.5,
   "english_rendering": "Caitanya (consciousness) is the ātman's own dharma (essential nature), not a product of prakṛti (nature). As the sun, by virtue of its prakāśa-dharma (nature of luminosity), illuminates everything, so the kṣetrī illuminates the field by its own consciousness-nature. The verse further teaches that true kṣetrajñatva (field-knowership) only becomes fully realized through tattvajñāna (knowledge of reality) that apprehends Bhagavān's qualities as the essence — the self's knowing is ultimately the Lord's own luminosity shining within his own manifestation.",
   "divergence_note": "Vallabha states 'caitanyam jñanarupa-atmanah dharma na prakrita iti' and concludes that kṣetrajñatva is fully constituted only when bhagavad-guṇa-saratva (Bhagavan's qualities as the essence) is apprehended.",
   "commentator": "Vallabhacharya"
  },
  "bhakti": {
   "reading_summary": "(reading summary extraction pending; ENABLE_READING_SUMMARIES=true to generate)",
   "key_cross_references": [],
   "witness_passages": [
    "sridhara_13.34"
   ],
   "score": 0.5,
   "english_rendering": "The preceding verse established the self's non-attachment via the ākāśa (space) analogy — hence no contamination. This verse adds the ravi (sun) analogy to show why the self, as illuminator, cannot be qualified by the properties of what it illuminates. The meaning is straightforward (spaṣṭārtha): the kṣetrajña illuminates the entire kṣetra yet remains as untouched by the field's dharmas as the sun is untouched by what it lights.",
   "divergence_note": "Sridhara explicitly pairs this verse with the previous akasha-drishanta, notes the ravi-drishanta completes the argument for alepa (non-contamination), and declares 'spashtarthah' — clear in meaning.",
   "commentator": "Sridhara Svami"
  },
  "advaita-bhakti": {
   "reading_summary": "(reading summary extraction pending; ENABLE_READING_SUMMARIES=true to generate)",
   "key_cross_references": [],
   "witness_passages": [
    "madhusudan_13.34"
   ],
   "score": 0.5,
   "english_rendering": "Not only because the ātman is by nature asanga (unattached) does it remain unlipyate (uncontaminated), but also because it is the illuminator: the illuminator is never stained by the properties of what it illuminates, nor is it divided by the plurality of illuminated objects. The singular kṣetrajña illuminates the entire kṣetra yet is neither marked by its modifications nor fragmented into many selves by the many bodies. The Kaṭha-śruti anchor 'suryo yatha sarvalokasya cakṣuh na lipyate cakṣushair bahya-doṣaih' seals this: the self is the eye of all worlds, touching none of their afflictions.",
   "divergence_note": "Madhusudana gives a double argument — asanga-svabhava AND prakashakatva — and cites Katha Upanishad 'suryo yatha sarvalokasya cakshuh' to close the chapter. He explicitly states the self is neither contaminated by field-properties nor divided by field-multiplicity.",
   "commentator": "Madhusudana Sarasvati"
  }
 },
 "prosodic_information": {
  "meter": "anuṣṭubh",
  "meter_shift_from_previous": false,
  "meter_shift_to_next": false,
  "pragmatic_context": {
   "vocative": "Bhārata",
   "preceding_question": "",
   "following_response": ""
  }
 },
 "theme_list_memberships": [
  {
   "list": "क्षेत्र",
   "role": "supporting",
   "other_verses_in_list": [
    "1.1",
    "13.1",
    "13.2",
    "13.3",
    "13.6",
    "13.18",
    "13.26",
    "13.35"
   ]
  },
  {
   "list": "प्रकाशयति",
   "role": "supporting",
   "other_verses_in_list": [
    "5.16"
   ]
  }
 ],
 "audit_trail": {
  "substrate_version": "v2.6-frozen",
  "fitted_weights": {
   "a": 1.0,
   "b": 0.01,
   "e_v": 0.005,
   "z": 0.2,
   "h": 0.0,
   "th": 0.01
  },
  "corpus_provenance": {
   "mūla": "Belvalkar critical edition (BORI 1947), via Ambuda multi-witness",
   "panel_witnesses": [
    "bg-mula",
    "bg-shankara",
    "bg-ramanuja",
    "bg-madhva",
    "bg-vedantadeshika",
    "bg-vallabha",
    "bg-jayatirtha",
    "bg-anandgiri",
    "bg-sridhara",
    "bg-madhusudan"
   ]
  },
  "extraction_date": "2026-04-21",
  "score_methodology_documented_at": "Paper 1, Section II.B",
  "word_by_word_parser": "ByT5-Sanskrit-multitask (Nehrdich/Hellwig/Keutzer EMNLP 2024)",
  "post_generation_repairs": [
   {
    "date": "2026-05-03",
    "fix": "verb-lemma-misidentification (broader heuristic: prefix-√root canonical for all verb-tagged tokens)",
    "scope": "word_by_word[].lemma",
    "loci": [
     "prakāśayati: prakāśay -> pra-√kāśay",
     "prakāśayati: prakāśay -> pra-√kāśay"
    ]
   },
   {
    "kind": "qmark_artifact_repair",
    "applied_at": "2026-05-08T01:56:14.900100Z",
    "applied_by": "summon-web/scripts/repair_qmark_artifacts.py",
    "n_senses_repaired": 7,
    "substitution": "? -> ,",
    "root_cause": "ITRANS '\\,' (literal-comma escape) in sd_bgshankarabhashya.itx corrupted to '?' during upstream HTML pipeline at gitasupersite; propagated through h_c_panel/commentaries/bg_*.jsonl into substrate.",
    "verification_source": "sonos-paper/samvad_db/sources/sd_bgshankarabhashya.itx"
   }
  ]
 },
 "so_what_questions": [
  "If the jñāna-cakṣu (eye of knowledge) sees the field-knower distinction clearly, what exactly changes in how one experiences pain — is it that pain ceases, or only that its reach stops at a certain boundary?",
  "The sun illuminates a corpse and a temple without distinction and is stained by neither. Does the kṣetrajña analogy imply a kind of radical moral non-preference, or does jñāna generate its own discriminating action?",
  "All six schools grant that the kṣetrajña illuminates without contamination — yet Dvaita insists the jīva's light is borrowed, while Advaita says it is self-subsistent. What practical difference does this make at the moment of grief or illness?",
  "The verse closes the entire Chapter 13 as a colophon. What work does the closing analogy perform that argument alone could not — why does the chapter end in an image rather than a proposition?",
  "Madhusudana insists the self is neither stained by field-properties nor divided by field-multiplicity. Which of these two — contamination or division — is the harder illusion to release in lived experience?",
  "If kṣetrajñatva (being the field-knower) is the self's own nature and not an achievement, what is the role of sādhana (practice)? Does practice remove an obstruction, or is it itself part of the field being illuminated?",
  "The ravi analogy is universal across all six schools yet each school draws a different conclusion from it. What does this reveal about how doctrinal commitment shapes what one notices in an analogy?"
 ],
 "everyday_applications": {
  "advaita": "When you are overwhelmed by the accumulated weight of roles — parent, professional, patient — sit and notice the one that is aware of all these. That witnessing awareness is already the kṣetrajña. It does not need to be built; it needs to be recognised as what has always been present, undivided and unmarked by any of the roles it has witnessed.",
  "viśiṣṭādvaita": "In a difficult relationship, practise distinguishing between 'I am hurt' and 'I, the knower, am perceiving hurt in this kṣetra.' The jīva's irreducible identity as knower — distinct from what it knows — is not cold distance but the foundation from which genuine love can be offered without merger or loss of self. Know yourself as distinct, then serve fully.",
  "dvaita": "When you feel inadequate or spiritually dim, recall that the light by which you know anything at all is not yours to manufacture — it is Hari's sovereign luminosity passing through you. This is not humiliation; it is relief. Your task is not to generate the light but to remain transparent to it, undistorted by pride or despair.",
  "śuddhādvaita": "Notice in moments of deep aesthetic pleasure — music, beauty, a sudden kindness — that the caitanya (consciousness) lighting up the experience does not belong to the object. The joy is the self's own nature meeting itself in the world. Vallabha's teaching here: savour fully, attribute the luminosity rightly, and the experience becomes prasāda (grace-gift) rather than craving.",
  "bhakti": "Sridhara's 'spashtarthah' (it is clear) is itself a practice instruction: do not over-complicate the recognition. The sun does not philosophise about not being stained. When you catch yourself being pulled into someone else's panic or anger, the practice is simply to notice — 'illuminating, not absorbing' — and return to steady witnessing. The simplicity is the teaching.",
  "advaita-bhakti": "Madhusudana's synthesis: hold both the Upanishadic image of the sun-as-eye and the Kṛṣṇa-devotee's intimacy with the Lord. The self that is unstained by the world's suffering is not indifferent — it is the eye through which Kṛṣṇa himself sees all beings. Bring this to care-giving or grief: you can be fully present to another's pain without being destroyed by it, because the eye of awareness is not the pain it holds."
 },
 "primary_meaning": "Just as one sun lights the whole world, the single knower of the field lights the entire field, Arjuna, yet is no more stained by it than the sun is stained by what it shines on."
}