{
 "verse_id": "10.42",
 "mūla": {
  "devanāgarī": "अथ वा बहुनैतेन किं ज्ञातेन तवार्जुन | विष्टभ्याहम् इदं कृत्स्नम् एकांशेन स्थितो जगत्",
  "iast": "atha vā bahunaitena kiṃ jñātena tavārjuna | viṣṭabhyāham idaṃ kṛtsnam ekāṃśena sthito jagat",
  "chapter_position": "Chapter 10 (Vibhūti-Yoga (The Yoga of Divine Manifestations)), verse 42",
  "speaker": "Krishna",
  "addressed_to": "Arjuna"
 },
 "word_by_word": [
  {
   "surface_form": "atha",
   "lemma": "atha",
   "grammar": "",
   "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
   "theme_lists": [],
   "surface_devanagari": "अथ"
  },
  {
   "surface_form": "vā",
   "lemma": "vā",
   "grammar": "",
   "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
   "theme_lists": [],
   "surface_devanagari": "वा"
  },
  {
   "surface_form": "bahunā",
   "lemma": "bahu",
   "grammar": "instrumental neuter singular noun",
   "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
   "theme_lists": [],
   "surface_devanagari": "बहुना"
  },
  {
   "surface_form": "etena",
   "lemma": "etad",
   "grammar": "instrumental neuter singular noun",
   "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
   "theme_lists": [],
   "surface_devanagari": "एतेन"
  },
  {
   "surface_form": "kim",
   "lemma": "ka",
   "grammar": "nominative neuter singular noun",
   "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
   "theme_lists": [],
   "surface_devanagari": "किम्"
  },
  {
   "surface_form": "jñātena",
   "lemma": "√jñā",
   "grammar": "instrumental neuter singular participle noun",
   "senses_attested_in_panel": [
    {
     "sense": "तव अर्जुन स्यात् सावशेषेण",
     "school": "advaita",
     "weight": 0.8,
     "witnesses": [
      "shankara"
     ]
    },
    {
     "sense": "इति पूर्वोक्तव्यस्तज्ञानाक्षेपात्",
     "school": "dvaita",
     "weight": 0.8,
     "witnesses": [
      "jayatirtha"
     ]
    },
    {
     "sense": "विशेषेण तव किं अहं पुरुषोत्तमोऽधिदेव एकांशेनाक्षरमहिम्नाऽध्यात्मरूपेण कृत्स्नमिदं चेतनाचेतनात्मकं जगदधिभूतं कार्यशरीराव",
     "school": "śuddhādvaita",
     "weight": 0.8,
     "witnesses": [
      "vallabha"
     ]
    },
    {
     "sense": "किं,तव स्यात्",
     "school": "advaita-bhakti",
     "weight": 0.8,
     "witnesses": [
      "madhusudan"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "theme_lists": [],
   "surface_devanagari": "ज्ञातेन"
  },
  {
   "surface_form": "tava",
   "lemma": "tvad",
   "grammar": "genitive singular noun",
   "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
   "theme_lists": [],
   "surface_devanagari": "तव"
  },
  {
   "surface_form": "arjuna",
   "lemma": "arjuna",
   "grammar": "vocative masculine singular noun",
   "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
   "theme_lists": [],
   "surface_devanagari": "अर्जुन"
  },
  {
   "surface_form": "viṣṭabhya",
   "lemma": "viṣṭambh",
   "grammar": "conv",
   "senses_attested_in_panel": [
    {
     "sense": "विशेषतः स्तम्भनं दृढं कृत्वा इदं कृत्स्नं जगत् एकांशेन एकावयवेन एकपादेन, सर्वभूतस्वरूपेण इत्येतत् तथा",
     "school": "advaita",
     "weight": 0.8,
     "witnesses": [
      "shankara"
     ]
    },
    {
     "sense": "अहम् अवस्थितः",
     "school": "viśiṣṭādvaita",
     "weight": 0.8,
     "witnesses": [
      "ramanuja"
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    },
    {
     "sense": "विधृत्य व्याप्य नियम्य",
     "school": "śuddhādvaita",
     "weight": 0.8,
     "witnesses": [
      "vallabha"
     ]
    },
    {
     "sense": "धृत्वा व्याप्येति वाहमेव स्थितः न मद्व्यतिरिक्तं किंचिदस्तिपादोऽस्य विश्वा भूतानि इति श्रुतेः",
     "school": "bhakti",
     "weight": 0.8,
     "witnesses": [
      "sridhara"
     ]
    },
    {
     "sense": "विधृत्य व्याप्य वाहमेव स्थितो न,मद्व्यतिरिक्तं किंचिदस्तिपादोऽस्य विश्वा भूतानि त्रिपादस्यामृतं दिवि इति श्रुतेः",
     "school": "advaita-bhakti",
     "weight": 0.8,
     "witnesses": [
      "madhusudan"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "theme_lists": [],
   "surface_devanagari": "विष्टभ्य"
  },
  {
   "surface_form": "aham",
   "lemma": "mad",
   "grammar": "nominative singular noun",
   "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
   "theme_lists": [],
   "surface_devanagari": "अहम्"
  },
  {
   "surface_form": "idam",
   "lemma": "idam",
   "grammar": "accusative neuter singular noun",
   "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
   "theme_lists": [],
   "surface_devanagari": "इदम्"
  },
  {
   "surface_form": "kṛtsnam",
   "lemma": "kṛtsna",
   "grammar": "accusative neuter singular noun",
   "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
   "theme_lists": [],
   "surface_devanagari": "कृत्स्नम्"
  },
  {
   "surface_form": "eka",
   "lemma": "eka",
   "grammar": "compound (compound member)",
   "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
   "theme_lists": [],
   "surface_devanagari": "एक"
  },
  {
   "surface_form": "aṃśena",
   "lemma": "aṃśa",
   "grammar": "instrumental masculine singular noun",
   "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
   "theme_lists": [],
   "surface_devanagari": "अंशेन"
  },
  {
   "surface_form": "sthitaḥ",
   "lemma": "√sthā",
   "grammar": "nominative masculine singular participle noun",
   "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
   "theme_lists": [],
   "surface_devanagari": "स्थितः"
  },
  {
   "surface_form": "jagat",
   "lemma": "jagant",
   "grammar": "accusative neuter singular noun",
   "senses_attested_in_panel": [],
   "theme_lists": [],
   "surface_devanagari": "जगत्"
  }
 ],
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 "doctrinal_projections": {
  "advaita": {
   "reading_summary": "(reading summary extraction pending; ENABLE_READING_SUMMARIES=true to generate)",
   "key_cross_references": [],
   "witness_passages": [
    "shankara_10.42",
    "anandgiri_10.42"
   ],
   "score": 0.5,
   "english_rendering": "Or what further use to you, Arjuna, is this elaborate enumeration of partial knowing? I sustain this entire universe by pervading and firmly upholding it through a single fragment of myself — a single pada (quarter), as the śruti declares: 'pādo'sya viśvā bhūtāni' (Taittirīya Āraṇyaka 3.12). The remainderless knowing is this alone: Brahman, of which all beings are but one quarter, while three quarters abide as the immortal in the beyond."
  },
  "viśiṣṭādvaita": {
   "reading_summary": "(reading summary extraction pending; ENABLE_READING_SUMMARIES=true to generate)",
   "key_cross_references": [],
   "witness_passages": [
    "ramanuja_10.42",
    "vedantadeshika_10.42"
   ],
   "score": 0.5,
   "english_rendering": "What need is there for all this extended knowing? I abide, having upheld this entire universe — gross and subtle, in causal and effected states, conscious and inert — in such a way that neither its existence nor its activities ever exceed my saṃkalpa (sovereign will). And this upholding is by an infinitesimal fraction of my infinite power, as Parāśara declared: 'of one in whom this universal power rests as but a fraction of a fraction' (Viṣṇu Purāṇa 1.9.53)."
  },
  "dvaita": {
   "reading_summary": "(reading summary extraction pending; ENABLE_READING_SUMMARIES=true to generate)",
   "key_cross_references": [],
   "witness_passages": [
    "madhva_10.42",
    "jayatirtha_10.42"
   ],
   "score": 0.5,
   "english_rendering": "This question 'what use is further knowing?' is posed not to dismiss prior knowledge as fruitless but to signal what is supremely essential: one who does not know this Lord in his distinct, qualified fullness (savīśeṣa-yukta) — how can such a one be liberated from bondage? The specification 'for you, Arjuna' signals that you are worthy of this supreme fruit. The word 'kim' here signals excellence, not negation — as in the Vedic usage 'if passions exist, what use is austerity; if they are absent, what use is austerity?' Bhagavān's sovereignty pervades all: 'yo māṃ paśyati sarvatra' (BG 6.30)."
  },
  "śuddhādvaita": {
   "reading_summary": "(reading summary extraction pending; ENABLE_READING_SUMMARIES=true to generate)",
   "key_cross_references": [],
   "witness_passages": [
    "vallabha_10.42"
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   "score": 0.5,
   "english_rendering": "Thus, having enumerated the vibhūtis individually, the Lord now gathers the whole in a single conclusive statement. What use to you is all this detailed knowing? I, Puruṣottama, the supreme sovereign — by a single fragment of my imperishable (akṣara) majesty, in my adhyātma-form — uphold, pervade, govern, and sustain this entire universe of the conscious and the inert, in its subtle and manifest states. Know this as my yoga, my sovereign lordship. By saying 'a single fragment sustains all,' the Lord both removes the anxiety of infinite enumeration and reveals the true measure of his mahātmya."
  },
  "bhakti": {
   "reading_summary": "(reading summary extraction pending; ENABLE_READING_SUMMARIES=true to generate)",
   "key_cross_references": [],
   "witness_passages": [
    "sridhara_10.42"
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   "score": 0.5,
   "english_rendering": "Or rather — what use to you is so much fragmentary, piecemeal knowing? Let this single insight suffice: I alone stand here having upheld and pervaded this entire universe through just one fragment, one portion of myself. There is nothing whatsoever apart from me — as the śruti confirms: 'pādo'sya viśvā bhūtāni.' Therefore, cultivate equanimity of vision everywhere, seeing the one Self in all."
  },
  "advaita-bhakti": {
   "reading_summary": "(reading summary extraction pending; ENABLE_READING_SUMMARIES=true to generate)",
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   "english_rendering": "Having thus enumerated the vibhūtis individually, the Lord now states the whole in summary. Or — on the other view — what use to you, Arjuna, is this residual, partial knowing? I alone stand here, having upheld and pervaded this entire universe through a single fragment, a single portion; nothing exists apart from me — as the śruti proclaims: 'pādo'sya viśvā bhūtāni, tripād asyāmṛtaṃ divi.' Therefore, abandon this fractured vision and cultivate everywhere the single seeing of me. My heart, having once tasted even a drop of honey falling from the lotus of your feet, reels intoxicated again and again."
  }
 },
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  "extraction_date": "2026-04-21",
  "score_methodology_documented_at": "Paper 1, Section II.B",
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 },
 "so_what_questions": [
  "If the entire cosmos is sustained by one fragment (ekāṃśa) of Bhagavān, what is the status of the cosmos itself — is it real, partial, or a projection of surplus infinity?",
  "The verse closes Chapter 10 by withdrawing the very enumeration it just completed: what does it mean that a text names 60+ vibhūtis and then says 'but what use is all that knowing'? Is incompletability itself the teaching?",
  "Each school locates the ekāṃśa differently: impersonal pāda for Śaṅkara, fraction-of-fraction for Rāmānuja, akṣara-mahimā for Vallabha. How does the choice of cosmological model determine the shape of the sādhaka's (practitioner's) path?",
  "The verse is directed at Arjuna personally ('tava Arjuna'). Madhva reads this as a signal of adhikāra — Arjuna's fitness for this fruit. What does it mean to be worthy of a cosmological statement?",
  "Śrīdhara and Madhusūdana both conclude with samadṛṣṭi as the practical upshot. How does 'seeing equally everywhere' function differently in a non-dual system versus a devotional one?",
  "The verse implies that a partial inventory of the divine (vibhūti-enumeration) is less useful than a single structural insight (ekāṃśena sthitaḥ). What does this suggest about the relationship between religious data and religious understanding?",
  "The Puruṣasūkta's pāda-schema is invoked by both Śaṅkara and Madhusūdana. How does a Vedic cosmogonic hymn function as an exegetical anchor — and what is at stake in that interpretive move?"
 ],
 "everyday_applications": {
  "advaita": "When you find yourself cataloguing grievances, achievements, or fears in obsessive detail, recognize this as avidyā-driven fragmentation. The śruti's pāda-insight applies: your entire life-narrative is at most one quarter of what you are. The untouched remainder neither grieves nor grasps. Practice withdrawing from the enumeration into that remainder — not as escapism but as the only stable ground from which action becomes clean.",
  "viśiṣṭādvaita": "Notice that you never truly exceed the field that has been given to you — your body, your relationships, your capacities are sustained by a will larger than your saṃkalpa. The Viśiṣṭādvaita reading invites you to treat every constraint (illness, limitation, loss) not as obstruction but as the precise shape of Bhagavān's governance for you. Kainkarya (service) within your actual conditions is the practice — not the conditions you wish you had.",
  "dvaita": "Madhva's reading insists: do not collapse the distinction between the one who sustains and the one who is sustained. In practical terms, this means refusing the spiritual ego-move of identifying yourself with the sustaining power. Your sādhana is precisely in recognizing your dependence — 'I am held, not the holder' — and acting from that recognition. Hari's omnipresence is seen (BG 6.30) not felt as merger.",
  "śuddhādvaita": "Vallabha's puṣṭi-reading says the whole cosmos is Kṛṣṇa's play-body sustained by his own delight. In daily life, this translates to a radical reframing of burden: the weight you carry is not yours to carry alone — it is already held by the one whose fragment-power sustains galaxies. Receive each moment as prasāda (gift-of-grace), not as task-to-be-managed. The exhaustion of self-reliance is itself the invitation into this recognition.",
  "bhakti": "Śrīdhara's practical pivot — 'cultivate equal vision everywhere' — is the most directly applicable. When you are stuck in sectarian, competitive, or comparative seeing (this person is better, this situation is worse), the ekāṃśa-teaching offers a reset: the same one fragment is the substrate of the person you fear, the work you avoid, the pleasure you chase. Equal vision is not indifference — it is recognition of the common ground beneath all difference.",
  "advaita-bhakti": "Madhusūdana's synthesis closes the chapter not with a philosophical proposition but with a devotee's intoxication. The everyday application is this: intellectual closure of a question (Arjuna has now received the complete vibhūti-yoga) need not produce satisfaction — it can produce wonder. Let understanding ripen into longing. The honey-drop verse at the end is not decoration; it models the only response adequate to having understood that the whole cosmos is held by a fragment."
 },
 "primary_meaning": "But why dwell on all these details, Arjuna? With just a fragment of myself I stand here, pervading and sustaining the entire universe."
}